HESI A2
HESI A2 Physics
1. A 110-volt hair dryer delivers 1,525 watts of power. How many amperes does it draw?
- A. 167.75 amperes
- B. 1.635 amperes
- C. 1.415 amperes
- D. 13.9 amperes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: To determine the amperes drawn by the hair dryer, we use the formula: Amperes = Watts / Volts. The hair dryer operates at 1,525 watts with 110 volts. Dividing 1,525 watts by 110 volts yields 13.9 amperes. Therefore, the correct answer is 13.9 amperes. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not result from the correct calculation using the formula.
2. The operating principle of a metal detector relies on:
- A. The static presence of a permanent magnet
- B. The electromotive force induced by a changing magnetic field
- C. The high electrical conductivity of most metals
- D. The unique thermal signature of metallic objects
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Metal detectors work based on the principle of electromotive force induced by a changing magnetic field. When a metal object comes into contact with the detector's magnetic field, it disrupts the field, inducing a current in the metal that can be detected. This principle allows metal detectors to identify the presence of metallic objects without relying on the static presence of a permanent magnet, the high electrical conductivity of metals, or the thermal signature of the objects. Choice A is incorrect because metal detectors do not rely on a static magnet but on the interaction of metals with a changing magnetic field. Choice C is incorrect because while metals do have high electrical conductivity, this is not the principle underlying metal detectors. Choice D is incorrect because metal detectors do not operate based on the thermal signature of objects, but rather on their interaction with magnetic fields.
3. When the heat of a reaction is negative, which statement is true?
- A. The products have less energy and are less stable.
- B. The products have more energy and are more stable.
- C. The products have less energy and are more stable.
- D. The products have more energy and are less stable.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When the heat of a reaction is negative, it indicates that the reaction releases energy in the form of heat. This means that the products have lower energy levels compared to the reactants. Lower energy levels are associated with greater stability in chemical systems. Therefore, when the heat of a reaction is negative, the products are more stable due to having less energy than the reactants. Choice A, stating that the products have less energy and are less stable, is incorrect as lower energy levels imply greater stability. Choice B, stating that the products have more energy and are more stable, is incorrect as lower energy levels lead to higher stability. Choice D, stating that the products have more energy and are less stable, is incorrect as lower energy levels are associated with higher stability.
4. When two identical charged spheres, both positively charged, are brought close together, the electrostatic force between them will be:
- A. Slightly attractive
- B. Zero
- C. Strongly attractive
- D. Strongly repulsive
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When two positively charged spheres are brought close together, they will experience a repulsive force due to their like charges. The electrostatic force causes the spheres to repel each other, making the correct answer D: Strongly repulsive. The force is not dependent on the material of the spheres, and the force is definitely not zero, as like charges repel. Choice A is incorrect as like charges do not attract each other. Choice C is incorrect as like charges repel, not attract.
5. In fluid machinery, pumps are designed to primarily increase the fluid's:
- A. Pressure
- B. Velocity only
- C. Both pressure and velocity
- D. Neither pressure nor velocity
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Pumps in fluid machinery are designed to primarily increase the fluid's pressure. This increase in pressure allows the fluid to flow through the system efficiently and overcome resistance. While pumps can also impact the velocity of the fluid to some extent, their main function is to elevate the pressure to facilitate the movement of the fluid within the system. Choice B is incorrect because pumps do not focus solely on increasing velocity. Choice C is incorrect as while pumps can affect velocity, their primary purpose is to boost pressure. Choice D is incorrect as pumps aim to increase either the pressure, velocity, or both.
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