HESI A2
HESI A2 Physics Practice Test
1. What force was applied to the object that was moved if 100 N⋅m of work is done over 20 m?
- A. 5 N
- B. 80 N
- C. 120 N
- D. 2,000 N
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Work is calculated using the formula Work = Force x Distance. Given that 100 N⋅m of work is done over 20 m, we can rearrange the formula to solve for Force. Force = Work / Distance. Plugging in the values, we get Force = 100 N⋅m / 20 m = 5 N. Therefore, the force applied to the object that was moved is 5 N. Choice B (80 N) is incorrect because it doesn't match the calculated force of 5 N. Choice C (120 N) is incorrect as it is higher than the calculated force. Choice D (2,000 N) is incorrect as it is significantly higher than the correct force of 5 N.
2. According to Bernoulli's principle, when the flow velocity (v) of an incompressible fluid increases in a constricted pipe, the pressure (P) will:
- A. Depend on the specific fluid type
- B. Decrease
- C. Remain constant
- D. Increase
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Bernoulli's principle states that in a constricted pipe with increasing flow velocity of an incompressible fluid, the pressure decreases. This is due to the conservation of energy, where the total energy of the fluid (sum of kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure energy) remains constant along the flow path. As the fluid velocity increases, its kinetic energy increases at the expense of pressure energy, causing a decrease in pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. The pressure changes in the system are primarily driven by the fluid velocity and the conservation of energy principle, not by the specific fluid type, which is a constant. The pressure is not constant but decreases with increasing flow velocity due to the energy transformation occurring in the system. Lastly, the pressure does not increase; it decreases as the fluid velocity rises.
3. When a crane hoists a massive object at a constant velocity compared to lifting the same object gradually, the work done by the crane is:
- A. Less
- B. More
- C. Identical
- D. Dependent on the object's mass
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The work done by the crane is identical in both scenarios. Work is defined as the force applied over a distance. Since the force needed to lift the object is equal to its weight and the displacement is the same, the work done is identical, whether the object is lifted gradually or at a constant velocity. Choice A is incorrect because the work done is the same in both cases. Choice B is incorrect as well since the work done does not increase. Choice D is incorrect as the mass of the object does not affect the work done by the crane in this scenario.
4. In an electrically neutral atom, the number of:
- A. Electrons is equal to protons
- B. Protons is equal to neutrons
- C. Neutrons are always greater than protons
- D. Electrons are always less than protons
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In an electrically neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Electrons carry a negative charge, protons carry a positive charge, and neutrons are neutral. Since the atom is electrically neutral, the positive charge of the protons must balance the negative charge of the electrons, making the numbers of electrons and protons equal. Choice B is incorrect because protons are not equal to neutrons in an atom. Choice C is incorrect because neutrons are not always greater than protons, and choice D is incorrect because electrons are not always less than protons in an atom.
5. A hummingbird’s wings beat at 25 beats per second. What is the period of the wing beating in seconds?
- A. 0.04 s
- B. 0.25 s
- C. 0.4 s
- D. 4 s
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The period represents the time for one complete cycle of the wing beating. To calculate the period, you take the reciprocal of the frequency. In this case, with the wings beating at 25 beats per second, the period is 1/25, which equals 0.04 seconds. Therefore, choice A, 0.04 seconds, is correct. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct calculation of the period based on the given frequency of 25 beats per second.
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