HESI A2
HESI A2 Biology Practice Test
1. Which of the following is the best example of a hypothesis?
- A. Dogs like treats
- B. Red is the best color
- C. If I eat 100 donuts, then I will feel sick
- D. If a plant is exposed to red light, then it will show less growth than natural light
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Option D is the best example of a hypothesis because it presents a clear cause-and-effect relationship that can be tested through experimentation. It follows the format of 'If [cause], then [effect]' which is characteristic of a hypothesis in scientific research. The statement is specific, testable, and does not rely on personal opinions or biases, making it a strong and valid hypothesis. Choices A, B, and C do not follow the structure of a hypothesis as they lack the cause-and-effect relationship that can be tested through experimentation. They are more like statements or opinions rather than hypotheses.
2. A pencil measures 8cm long. What is this in mm?
- A. 80 mm
- B. 800 mm
- C. 8 mm
- D. 0.8 mm
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To convert centimeters to millimeters, you need to multiply by 10 since 1 centimeter is equal to 10 millimeters. Therefore, 8 cm x 10 mm/cm = 80 mm. The pencil measures 8 cm, which is equivalent to 80 mm when converted. Choice A is correct as it correctly converts 8 cm to mm by multiplying it by 10. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not apply the correct conversion factor.
3. Which one of the following best describes the function of a cell membrane?
- A. It controls the substances entering and leaving the cell.
- B. It maintains the cell's shape.
- C. It controls the substances entering the cell.
- D. It supports the cell's structures.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The function of a cell membrane is to control the substances entering and leaving the cell. The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing it to regulate the movement of ions and molecules in and out of the cell to maintain internal balance and proper function. Choice B is incorrect because while the cell membrane does provide some structural support, its primary function is not to maintain the cell's shape. Choice C is incorrect because the cell membrane controls both the substances entering and leaving the cell, not just those entering. Choice D is incorrect as the primary function of the cell membrane is not to support the cell's structures but to regulate the movement of substances.
4. Enzymes are typically _ _.
- A. Fats
- B. Proteins
- C. Sugars
- D. Neurons
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Enzymes are typically proteins that act as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in living organisms. While most enzymes are made of proteins, a few exceptions, known as ribozymes, are made of RNA. Proteins are composed of amino acids arranged in specific sequences that give enzymes their unique shape and functionality. Choice A, 'Fats,' is incorrect as enzymes are not typically composed of fats. Choice C, 'Sugars,' is incorrect as enzymes are not typically composed of sugars. Choice D, 'Neurons,' is incorrect as neurons are a type of cell in the nervous system, not typically associated with enzymes.
5. The renal system consists of all the organs involved in the formation and release of urine and includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
- A. The digestive system
- B. The reproductive system
- C. The renal system
- D. The kidney system
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct term for the system involving the organs responsible for the formation and release of urine is the renal system, not the digestive or reproductive system. The kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra are specifically part of the renal system, which is responsible for filtering the blood to remove waste and excess fluids, producing urine, and eliminating it from the body. The other choices, the digestive system and the reproductive system, are not responsible for the formation and release of urine, making them incorrect answers.
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