HESI A2
HESI A2 Biology Practice Test
1. Tundra, savannas, grasslands, deserts, and rainforests are examples of what?
- A. Biomasses
- B. Biospheres
- C. Biodiversity
- D. Biomes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Tundra, savannas, grasslands, deserts, and rainforests are examples of biomes. A biome is a large geographical area with similar climatic conditions and distinct flora and fauna. Each biome has its unique characteristics, such as temperature, precipitation levels, and types of vegetation, which define the ecosystem within that region. Biomasses refer to the total mass of living organisms in a given area, biospheres are the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, and biodiversity represents the variety of life forms in a specific habitat.
2. Which of the following is true of heterozygous traits?
- A. They are haploid
- B. They are denoted AA
- C. They are denoted aa
- D. They are denoted Aa
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Heterozygous traits are denoted by having two different alleles for a particular gene, represented as Aa. This means that they are not haploid (A), not denoted AA (B), and not denoted aa (C). Therefore, the correct answer is D, as heterozygous traits are represented as Aa.
3. What type of tissue is fat?
- A. Connective
- B. Muscle
- C. Nervous
- D. Epithelial
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Fat is a type of loose connective tissue known as adipose tissue. Adipose tissue primarily functions to store energy and provide cushioning and insulation for organs. While muscle tissue is responsible for movement, nervous tissue transmits nerve impulses, and epithelial tissue covers and protects body surfaces, fat specifically falls under the category of connective tissue.
4. Which of the following are components of the endocrine system?
- A. The pituitary gland
- B. The thyroid gland
- C. The adrenal glands
- D. All of the Above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The endocrine system comprises a network of glands that produce and release hormones to regulate bodily functions. The pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands are essential components of this system. The pituitary gland secretes various hormones that control other glands and some body functions. The thyroid gland regulates metabolism, growth, and energy levels by producing thyroid hormones. The adrenal glands produce hormones involved in stress response, metabolism, and immune function. Therefore, all of the above glands are integral parts of the endocrine system, making choice D the correct answer.
5. The procedure to focus an image using a compound microscope involves
- A. Adjusting the coarse adjustment each time a new magnification is selected
- B. Adjusting the fine adjustment each time a new magnification is selected
- C. Adjusting the stage each time a new magnification is selected
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When using a compound microscope, it is essential to adjust the fine adjustment knob each time you switch to a new magnification level. The fine adjustment knob allows for precise focusing on the specimen at different magnifications, ensuring a clear and sharp image. The coarse adjustment knob is typically used only at the lower magnification settings to bring the image into view roughly. Adjusting the stage may be necessary based on the size and thickness of the specimen, but it does not need to be done every time a new magnification is selected. Therefore, option B is the correct choice as it focuses on the key aspect of precise focusing during magnification changes.
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