Nursing Elites

1. What is the second part of an organism’s scientific name?

• A. species
• B. phylum
• C. population
• D. kingdom

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'species.' In binomial nomenclature, the second part of an organism's scientific name represents its species. The species name is a unique identifier within the genus and helps differentiate between different organisms within the same genus. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Phylum is a taxonomic rank higher than species, population refers to a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area, and kingdom is a taxonomic rank higher than genus.

2. What is the initial step in the metabolism of food to cellular energy?

• A. Citric Acid Cycle
• B. Glycolysis
• C. Electron Transport Chain
• D. Photosynthesis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Glycolysis. Glycolysis is the initial step in the metabolism of food to cellular energy. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, generating ATP and NADH. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport Chain occur later in cellular respiration, while Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.

3. What type of cells possess a cell membrane?

• A. Prokaryotic cells only
• B. Eukaryotic cells only
• C. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cell membranes are present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The cell membrane serves as a barrier that encloses the cell contents and regulates the entry and exit of substances in and out of the cell. It is a fundamental structure found in all types of cells, regardless of whether they are prokaryotic (lacking a nucleus) or eukaryotic (containing a nucleus). Choice A is incorrect because eukaryotic cells also possess cell membranes. Choice B is incorrect as prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, also have cell membranes. Choice D is incorrect as both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have cell membranes.

4. What is the typical result of mitosis in humans?

• A. two diploid cells
• B. two haploid cells
• C. four diploid cells
• D. four haploid cells

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: two diploid cells. Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. In humans, the typical result of mitosis is the formation of two diploid cells, not haploid or four cells. Choice B, two haploid cells, is incorrect because mitosis produces genetically identical diploid cells. Choices C and D, four diploid cells and four haploid cells, respectively, are incorrect as mitosis results in two daughter cells, not four.

5. Where is the genetic information of a eukaryotic cell stored?

• A. Mitochondria
• B. Nucleus
• C. Golgi Apparatus
• D. Cytoplasm

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nucleus. In eukaryotic cells, genetic information (DNA) is stored in the nucleus. This organelle acts as the control center of the cell, housing the DNA and regulating gene expression. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the genetic information is not stored in the mitochondria, Golgi Apparatus, or cytoplasm. The mitochondria are responsible for energy production, the Golgi Apparatus is involved in protein processing and packaging, and the cytoplasm is where various cellular activities take place, but none of these organelles store the genetic information.

Similar Questions