Nursing Elites

1. How should a researcher test the hypothesis that radiation from cell phones is significant enough to raise the temperature of water in a test tube?

• A. Dial a cell phone that rests beside a test tube of water, let it ring for two minutes, and record the temperature of the water before and after the two-minute interval.
• B. Dial a cell phone that rests beside a test tube of water; let it ring for two, three, and four minutes; and record the temperature of the water before and after each interval.
• C. Use three different brands of cell phone; dial each as it rests beside its own test tube of water, let it ring for two minutes, and record the temperature of the water before and after the two-minute interval.
• D. Use three different brands of cell phone, dial each and let one ring for two minutes, one for three minutes, and one for four minutes; record the temperature of the water before and after each interval.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To test the hypothesis that radiation from cell phones raises the temperature of water in a test tube, the most appropriate method is to dial a cell phone next to a test tube of water, let it ring for a consistent two-minute interval, and record the temperature before and after. Choice A is correct because it provides a controlled approach to isolate the impact of the phone's radiation on the water temperature. Choices B, C, and D introduce additional variables that could confound the results. Choice B varies the duration of exposure, making it difficult to attribute temperature changes specifically to the radiation. Choice C introduces the factor of different cell phone brands, which could introduce variability not related to radiation. Choice D also varies exposure times and introduces the factor of multiple phone brands, making it harder to determine the direct impact of cell phone radiation on water temperature. Therefore, choice A is the most suitable option for this experiment.

2. Why doesn't an antibiotic work for treating the flu?

• A. The antibiotic is for a different type of infection
• B. The antibiotic is not effective against viruses
• C. The antibiotic is not prescribed in a high enough dosage
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, not viral infections like the flu. The flu is caused by a virus, and antibiotics are ineffective against viruses. Choice A is incorrect because it does not address the fact that antibiotics do not work on viruses. Choice C is incorrect as the issue is not related to the dosage amount, but rather the nature of the infection. Choice D is incorrect as there is a specific reason why antibiotics do not work for the flu.

3. Why do we perceive chlorophyll as green?

• A. It absorbs yellow and blue light.
• B. It primarily absorbs green light.
• C. It fails to absorb green light.
• D. It primarily absorbs red light.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Chlorophyll appears green to us because it primarily absorbs yellow and blue light while reflecting green light. The wavelengths of yellow and blue light are absorbed by chlorophyll for photosynthesis, which results in the green color we perceive. Choice B is incorrect because chlorophyll absorbs yellow and blue light, not green light. Choice C is incorrect because chlorophyll does absorb green light, but it also absorbs other wavelengths, primarily yellow and blue. Choice D is incorrect because chlorophyll primarily absorbs yellow and blue light, not red light.

4. Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of proteins?

• A. Endoplasmic Reticulum
• B. Ribosomes
• C. Lysosomes
• D. Vacuoles

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Ribosomes are the organelles involved in the synthesis of proteins. They are the cellular machinery responsible for translating mRNA into proteins, making them essential for cell function and structure. The other organelles listed, such as the Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lysosomes, and Vacuoles, have different functions unrelated to protein synthesis. The Endoplasmic Reticulum plays a role in protein processing and transport, Lysosomes are involved in digestion and waste removal, and Vacuoles are responsible for storage and maintaining cell turgor pressure.

5. Where is DNA stored?

• A. The nucleus
• B. Ribosomes
• C. Endoplasmic reticulum
• D. Mitochondria

Correct answer: A

Rationale: DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell. The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material, including the DNA, which contains the instructions for building and operating the cell. The nucleus controls the activities of the cell and is essential for proper cell function and reproduction. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, not DNA storage. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis, storage, and transport but does not store DNA. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, producing energy in the form of ATP, but they do not store DNA.

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