Nursing Elites

1. Which statement is true of a saturated solution?

• A. It has more solute than can dissolve in the solvent.
• B. It has less solute that can dissolve in the solvent.
• C. It has the maximum concentration of the solute dissolved in the solvent.
• D. It contains a precipitate that lowers the concentration of the solute in the solvent.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A saturated solution contains the maximum concentration of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a particular temperature. Once a solution is saturated, adding more solute will not increase its concentration since the excess solute will not dissolve and will instead form a precipitate, indicating that the solution is at its maximum capacity. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because a saturated solution has reached its limit in dissolving solute, so it cannot contain more solute than it can dissolve (choice A), less solute than it can dissolve (choice B), or a precipitate that lowers the concentration of the solute in the solvent (choice D).

2. Which of the following elements is a noble gas?

• A. Hydrogen
• B. Fluorine
• C. Argon
• D. Nitrogen

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Argon. Argon is a noble gas, part of Group 18 in the periodic table. Noble gases are colorless, odorless, and typically non-reactive under normal conditions. Other elements in this group include helium, neon, krypton, xenon, and radon. Argon finds wide applications in welding, lighting, and scientific research. Choices A, B, and D are not noble gases. Hydrogen is a non-metal, Fluorine is a halogen, and Nitrogen is a diatomic non-metal gas.

3. Beta radiation is the product of the decomposition of which particle?

• A. Proton
• B. Neutron
• C. Electron
• D. Photon

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Beta radiation is the result of the decomposition of a neutron. During beta decay, a neutron in an atom's nucleus is transformed into a proton, an electron (beta particle), and an antineutrino. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Neutron.' Choice A, 'Proton,' is incorrect because beta decay does not involve the decomposition of a proton. Choice C, 'Electron,' is incorrect because electrons are actually produced during beta decay. Choice D, 'Photon,' is incorrect as beta radiation does not involve the decomposition of photons.

4. What is the normal body temperature in °C?

• A. 36°C
• B. 37°C
• C. 35°C
• D. 40°C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The normal body temperature for humans is 37°C. This temperature is considered average and is a standard reference point for assessing an individual's health status. It is essential for the body to maintain this temperature to ensure optimal functioning of various physiological processes. Choice A (36°C) is incorrect as it is slightly below the normal body temperature. Choice C (35°C) is also incorrect as it is significantly lower than the normal body temperature. Choice D (40°C) is incorrect as it is significantly higher than the normal body temperature and would indicate a fever or other health issue.

5. What is matter that has a definite shape and volume?

• A. Liquid
• B. Solid
• C. Gas
• D. Plasma

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Matter that has a definite shape and volume is referred to as a solid. Solids maintain their shape and volume under normal conditions, unlike liquids that have a definite volume but take the shape of their container, gases that have neither a definite shape nor volume, and plasma which is a state of matter with no definite shape or volume and consists of charged particles.

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