Nursing Elites

1. What type of bond is an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions?

• A. Covalent
• B. Metallic
• C. Ionic
• D. Hydrogen

Correct answer: C

Rationale: An ionic bond forms when one atom transfers electrons to another, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions. The attraction between these oppositely charged ions creates an electrostatic bond, known as an ionic bond. Choice A, covalent bonds, involve the sharing of electrons, not the transfer. Choice B, metallic bonds, occur between metal atoms and involve a 'sea of electrons' that are delocalized. Choice D, hydrogen bonds, are much weaker interactions between hydrogen atoms and other electronegative atoms like oxygen or nitrogen.

2. What is the name of the negatively charged subatomic particles?

• A. Protons
• B. Neutrons
• C. Electrons
• D. Isotopes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Electrons. Electrons are the negatively charged subatomic particles. They are found outside the atomic nucleus and carry a negative charge. Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus, neutrons have no charge, and isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, not subatomic particles.

3. How many pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms in a single bond?

• A. 1
• B. 2
• C. 3
• D. 4

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a single bond, two atoms share one pair of electrons. This shared pair of electrons is what holds the atoms together in the bond. Therefore, the correct answer is A: 1. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not represent the number of electron pairs shared in a single bond.

4. If electrons are not shared equally in a covalent bond, the bond is what?

• A. Polar
• B. Non-polar
• C. Ionic
• D. Hydrogen

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A polar covalent bond occurs when electrons are shared unequally between atoms. In this type of bond, one atom has a stronger pull on the shared electrons, leading to a partial positive and partial negative charge distribution within the molecule. Choice B, non-polar, is incorrect because in non-polar covalent bonds, electrons are shared equally between atoms. Choice C, ionic, is incorrect as ionic bonds involve a transfer of electrons rather than sharing. Choice D, hydrogen, is incorrect as it does not describe the nature of a covalent bond.

5. What is the net charge of an ionic compound?

• A. 0
• B. -1
• C. +1
• D. Variable

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0. Ionic compounds have a net charge of 0 because they are formed by the combination of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) in a way that neutralizes their charges. This balanced combination results in an electrically neutral compound. Therefore, the net charge of an ionic compound is typically 0. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because ionic compounds are designed to have a total neutral charge, with the positive charges balancing out the negative charges.

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