Nursing Elites

1. During protein synthesis, what process creates a complementary strand of RNA from a DNA template?

• A. Transcription
• B. Translation
• C. Transformation
• D. Replication

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Transcription.' During protein synthesis, transcription is the process that creates a complementary RNA strand from a DNA template. This process involves the synthesis of mRNA using DNA as a template. Choice B, 'Translation,' is incorrect as it is the process where the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce a specific polypeptide chain. Choice C, 'Transformation,' is not related to the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template. Choice D, 'Replication,' is the process of copying DNA to produce an identical DNA molecule, not RNA.

2. Which cell organelle functions to transport materials from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell?

• A. Ribosome
• B. Golgi apparatus
• C. Lysosome
• D. Vacuole

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Golgi apparatus is the correct answer because it functions to transport materials from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, not transportation of materials. Lysosomes contain enzymes for digestion and waste removal, not for transporting materials. Vacuoles are primarily involved in storage, waste disposal, and maintaining turgor pressure, not in transporting materials from the endoplasmic reticulum.

3. What type of tissue is fat?

• A. Connective
• B. Muscle
• C. Nervous
• D. Epithelial

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Fat is a type of loose connective tissue known as adipose tissue. Adipose tissue primarily functions to store energy and provide cushioning and insulation for organs. While muscle tissue is responsible for movement, nervous tissue transmits nerve impulses, and epithelial tissue covers and protects body surfaces, fat specifically falls under the category of connective tissue.

4. Which type of sugar is a disaccharide?

• A. Sucrose
• B. Fructose
• C. Glucose
• D. Galactose

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Sucrose. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose. When glucose and fructose combine, they form sucrose. Choice B, Fructose, is a monosaccharide, not a disaccharide. Choice C, Glucose, is also a monosaccharide, not a disaccharide. Choice D, Galactose, is another monosaccharide and not a disaccharide.

5. Which light color would be most effective for growing green plants indoors?

• A. Blue
• B. Yellow
• C. Green
• D. Orange

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Blue light is the most effective color for growing green plants indoors. Blue light has a higher energy level compared to other colors, which is crucial for promoting vegetative growth, strong stems, and lush foliage in plants. Additionally, blue light helps regulate plant growth hormones, making it essential for the overall health and development of green plants. Yellow, green, and orange light do not provide the necessary energy levels or spectrum needed for optimal plant growth, making them less effective choices for growing green plants indoors.

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