Nursing Elites

1. According to the zeroth law of thermodynamics, two systems are in thermal equilibrium if:

• A. They have the same pressure.
• B. They have the same volume.
• C. They have the same temperature.
• D. They are made of the same material.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "They have the same temperature." The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other. This implies that they have the same temperature. Choice A is incorrect because pressure is not the determining factor for thermal equilibrium. Choice B is incorrect because volume alone does not dictate thermal equilibrium. Choice D is incorrect as the materials the systems are made of do not determine thermal equilibrium according to the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

2. Capillarity describes the tendency of fluids to rise or fall in narrow tubes. This phenomenon arises from the interplay of:

• A. Buoyancy and pressure differentials
• B. Density variations and compressibility of the fluid
• C. Viscous dissipation and inertial effects
• D. Surface tension at the liquid-gas interface and intermolecular forces

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Capillarity occurs due to surface tension and intermolecular forces between the liquid and the walls of the narrow tube. These forces cause the liquid to rise or fall depending on the cohesion and adhesion properties. Surface tension at the liquid-gas interface and intermolecular forces are responsible for capillary action, making choice D the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the specific forces involved in capillarity.

3. A 120-volt heat lamp draws 25 amps of current. What is the lamp’s resistance?

• A. 96 ohms
• B. 104 ohms
• C. 150 ohms
• D. 4.8 ohms

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To find the resistance of the lamp, we use Ohm’s Law, which states that resistance (R) is equal to voltage (V) divided by current (I), expressed as: R = V / I. Given that the voltage (V) is 120 volts and the current (I) is 25 amps, we substitute these values into the formula: R = 120 V / 25 A = 4.8 ohms. Therefore, the resistance of the lamp is 4.8 ohms. Choice A, 96 ohms, is incorrect as it is not the result of the correct calculation. Choice B, 104 ohms, is incorrect as it does not match the calculated resistance. Choice C, 150 ohms, is incorrect as it is not the correct resistance value obtained through the calculation.

4. A 60-watt lightbulb is powered by a 110-volt power source. What is the current being drawn?

• A. 0.55 amperes
• B. 1.83 amperes
• C. 50 amperes
• D. 6,600 amperes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To calculate the current being drawn, use the formula I = P / V, where I is the current, P is the power in watts, and V is the voltage. Substituting the given values, I = 60 / 110 ≈ 0.55 amperes. Therefore, the current being drawn by the 60-watt lightbulb is approximately 0.55 amperes. Choice B, 1.83 amperes, is incorrect as it does not match the calculated value. Choices C and D, 50 amperes and 6,600 amperes, are significantly higher values and do not align with the expected current draw of a 60-watt lightbulb powered by a 110-volt source.

5. A 1,000-kg car drives at 10 m/s around a circle with a radius of 50 m. What is the centripetal acceleration of the car?

• A. 2 m/s²
• B. 4 m/s²
• C. 5 m/s²
• D. 10 m/s²

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Centripetal acceleration is calculated using the formula a = v² / r, where v = 10 m/s and r = 50 m. Substituting these values: a = (10 m/s)² / 50 m = 100 / 50 = 2 m/s². Therefore, the correct answer is 2 m/s². Choice B, 4 m/s², is incorrect because it is not the result of the correct calculation. Choice C, 5 m/s², is incorrect as it does not match the calculated centripetal acceleration. Choice D, 10 m/s², is incorrect as it does not reflect the correct calculation based on the given values.

Similar Questions