Nursing Elites

1. Which statement is not listed as a detail within the passage?

• A. Changes in the ECG are typically used for the diagnosis of abnormal cardiac rhythm.
• B. The signal has a characteristic record called the electrocardiogram.
• C. The 'wave of excitation' starts at the SA node.
• D. The 'wave of excitation' spreads through the heart wall and is accompanied by electric changes.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The corrected statement should be: Changes in the ECG are not typically used for the diagnosis of abnormal cardiac rhythm. The passage mentions that the heart sends out electric currents in waves, and the 'wave of excitation' spreads through the heart wall accompanied by electric changes. It details the process of how the heart's electric impulses are recorded and how abnormalities can be detected. However, it does not state that ECG changes are specifically used for diagnosing abnormal cardiac rhythms. Choice A is the correct answer because it misrepresents the information provided in the passage. Choices B, C, and D are all supported by the passage and align with the details mentioned regarding the electrocardiogram and the wave of excitation in the heart.

2. Which statement from the selection presents a fact rather than an opinion?

• A. One of the worst voice qualities is harshness
• B. Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw
• C. Your voice will sound unpleasant if it is shrill, grating, hard, piercing, brassy, too loud, or too nasal
• D. Because tension occurs in higher pitched voices, women tend to have shriller voices than men, which usually makes them less desirable public speakers, newscasters, or political candidates

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Statement B, 'Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw,' presents a fact rather than an opinion. This statement provides a clear and objective observation about the potential cause of harsh voice qualities, based on physical tension in specific areas of the body, which can be objectively measured and identified. Choice A is an opinion as it states 'One of the worst voice qualities is harshness' without providing a verifiable basis. Choice C lists subjective descriptors of an unpleasant voice without stating a definite cause. Choice D introduces a gender-based assertion about voice quality, making it an opinion rather than a factual observation.

3. What statement about global warming is made in the passage on the Amazon Rainforest?

• A. Global warming is caused by deforestation.
• B. Global warming is unrelated to deforestation.
• C. Global warming is exaggerated.
• D. Global warming is not a concern.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct statement about global warming in the passage on the Amazon Rainforest is that it is caused by deforestation. The passage explains that cutting down trees in the rainforest increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air, leading to global warming. This is supported by the fact that the burning of Brazilian rainforests alone produces 200 million metric tons of carbon dioxide a year. Choice B is incorrect as the passage clearly establishes a direct link between deforestation and global warming. Choice C is incorrect as the passage does not suggest that global warming is exaggerated, but rather highlights the harmful effects of deforestation. Choice D is incorrect as the passage emphasizes the serious concern of global warming due to deforestation.

4. Why did Macmillan add iron rims to the tires of his bicycle?

• A. Increase the weight of the bicycle.
• B. Enhance the durability of the tires.
• C. Reduce the bumpiness of the ride.
• D. Decrease the level of fatigue during the ride.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Macmillan added iron rims to his bicycle tires to enhance their durability and make them last longer. This innovation aimed to prevent the tires from getting worn down quickly. Adding weight to the bicycle (Choice A) was not the purpose of adding iron rims. While adding iron rims could potentially reduce the bumpiness of the ride (Choice C) by providing more stability, the main objective was to improve tire longevity. Similarly, reducing the level of fatigue during the ride (Choice D) was not the primary reason for adding iron rims.

5. What is the meaning of the word diminished as used in the passage about Concussions?

• A. Miniature.
• B. Reduced.
• C. Recurrent.
• D. Hollow.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this context, "diminished" means reduced. Substituting the other choices into the sentence does not make sense contextually, whereas "reduced" fits appropriately, confirming B as the correct answer.

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