Nursing Elites

1. Which part of the eye is responsible for color vision?

• A. Cornea
• B. Iris
• C. Retina
• D. Lens

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is option C: Retina. The retina contains photoreceptor cells, including cones that are responsible for color vision. Cones are sensitive to different wavelengths of light, allowing us to perceive and differentiate various colors. Choice A, Cornea, is the transparent outer layer of the eye that helps focus light. It does not play a direct role in color vision. Choice B, Iris, is the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye. While it is essential for adjusting light levels, it is not directly involved in color vision. Choice D, Lens, is responsible for focusing light onto the retina. It helps to form clear images on the retina but does not play a role in color vision.

2. Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating body temperature?

• A. Cerebrum
• B. Cerebellum
• C. Brainstem
• D. Hypothalamus

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The hypothalamus is the part of the brain responsible for regulating body temperature, along with controlling other autonomic functions like hunger, thirst, and sleep. It acts as the body's internal thermostat, helping to maintain a stable internal environment despite external temperature changes. The cerebrum is mainly associated with functions like thinking, perception, and voluntary movements, making it unrelated to regulating body temperature. The cerebellum is involved in coordination and balance, not in regulating body temperature. The brainstem is essential for basic life functions like breathing and heart rate, but it is not primarily responsible for regulating body temperature.

3. What is the main function of the digestive system?

• A. To break down food and absorb nutrients
• B. To regulate body temperature
• C. To transport nutrients
• D. To produce hormones

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The main function of the digestive system is to break down food into nutrients through the process of digestion. Once the food is broken down, the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream and utilized by the body for various functions. Choice B, regulating body temperature, is incorrect as it is the function of the body's thermoregulatory system, not the digestive system. Choice C, transporting nutrients, is incorrect as the digestive system primarily focuses on breaking down and absorbing nutrients rather than transporting them. Choice D, producing hormones, is also incorrect as hormone production is mainly carried out by endocrine glands and not the digestive system.

4. Which connective tissue type attaches muscles to bones?

• A. Ligaments
• B. Tendons
• C. Cartilage
• D. Fascia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Tendons are the correct answer. They are strong connective tissues that connect muscles to bones, allowing movement when muscles contract. Ligaments connect bones to other bones, providing joint stability. Cartilage is a firm, flexible connective tissue present in joints and the outer ear. Fascia is a connective tissue that surrounds muscles, blood vessels, and nerves, offering support and protection. Therefore, the correct tissue type that connects muscles to bones is tendons.

5. Which part of the nervous system includes the femoral, radial, and ulnar nerves?

• A. Somatic
• B. Autonomic
• C. Sympathetic
• D. Parasympathetic

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Somatic. The femoral, radial, and ulnar nerves are all part of the somatic nervous system, responsible for controlling voluntary movements and sensory input. These nerves innervate muscles and skin throughout the body, allowing conscious control of movements and sensations. The somatic nervous system is distinct from the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary bodily functions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the autonomic nervous system (B) is responsible for involuntary functions, while the sympathetic (C) and parasympathetic (D) divisions are subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system, not the somatic nervous system.

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