Nursing Elites

1. Which mineral is considered an antioxidant?

• A. Selenium
• B. Calcium
• C. Sulfur
• D. Iron

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Selenium is the correct answer. It is considered an antioxidant mineral that plays a crucial role in protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals. Selenium is an essential component of the body's antioxidant defense system, promoting overall health and well-being. Calcium (Choice B), Sulfur (Choice C), and Iron (Choice D) are not typically classified as antioxidant minerals. While these minerals have other important functions in the body, they do not primarily act as antioxidants like selenium.

2. Which parts of the heart are separated by the mitral valve?

• A. Left atrium and right atrium
• B. Right atrium and right ventricle
• C. Left ventricle and right ventricle
• D. Left atrium and left ventricle

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, separates the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. Its primary function is to prevent the backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during the heart's contraction. Therefore, option D, 'Left atrium and left ventricle,' is the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not represent the parts separated by the mitral valve.

3. Which mineral helps maintain fluid balance in the body?

• A. Potassium
• B. Cobalt
• C. Chromium
• D. Sulfur

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Potassium is the mineral that helps maintain fluid balance in the body. It plays a crucial role in regulating the amount of fluid inside and outside the body's cells, thereby helping to maintain proper hydration levels. Potassium works in conjunction with sodium to regulate fluid balance and is essential for proper muscle function, nerve transmission, and heart health. Cobalt, chromium, and sulfur do not play significant roles in maintaining fluid balance in the body, making them incorrect choices for this question.

4. What is the main function of the adrenal glands?

• A. Regulation of metabolism
• B. Production of bile
• C. Regulation of blood pressure
• D. Production of insulin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The main function of the adrenal glands is to produce hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure, metabolism, and the body's stress response. While the adrenal glands do have some impact on metabolism, their primary function is not the direct regulation of metabolism. They are not involved in the production of bile or insulin. Therefore, the correct answer is the regulation of blood pressure.

5. Which vitamin is essential for the absorption of calcium?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin D
• C. Vitamin K
• D. Vitamin C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin D is crucial for the absorption of calcium in the intestines, which is vital for maintaining strong bones and teeth. It helps regulate calcium levels in the blood and promotes bone mineralization, making it an essential vitamin for overall bone health. Vitamin A (Choice A) is important for vision and immune function, not specifically for calcium absorption. Vitamin K (Choice C) is essential for blood clotting, while Vitamin C (Choice D) is known for its role in collagen production and antioxidant properties, but not directly related to calcium absorption.

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