Nursing Elites

1. Which vitamin is essential for maintaining healthy skin and vision?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Vitamin A
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin A is the correct answer. It is essential for maintaining healthy skin and vision, especially in low-light conditions. Vitamin A helps in the production of retinal pigments necessary for vision in dim light and supports skin health by promoting cell turnover and repair. Choice A, Vitamin C, is important for the immune system and collagen production but is not specifically known for maintaining skin and vision health. Choice C, Vitamin D, is crucial for bone health and immune function but is not directly related to skin and vision health. Choice D, Vitamin K, is necessary for blood clotting and bone health but does not play a significant role in maintaining healthy skin and vision.

2. What is the role of the spleen in the immune system?

• A. To filter blood and remove old red blood cells
• B. To produce white blood cells
• C. To store lymphocytes
• D. To produce antibodies

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The spleen plays a crucial role in the immune system by filtering blood, specifically removing old or damaged red blood cells. It also stores lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that help fight infections. While the spleen does not produce white blood cells or antibodies, its main functions lie in blood filtration and storage of immune cells. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B is incorrect because the spleen does not produce white blood cells. Choice C is incorrect as the spleen stores lymphocytes but does not primarily function to do so. Choice D is incorrect because the spleen does not produce antibodies.

3. The epidermis is classified as which of the following?

• A. Cell
• B. Tissue
• C. Organ
• D. System

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The epidermis is classified as a tissue, more specifically as a layer of cells that form the outermost part of the skin. It is composed of multiple layers of cells that protect underlying tissues and regulate various functions related to the skin. Choice A, Cell, is incorrect because the epidermis is not just a single cell but rather a collection of cells. Choice C, Organ, is incorrect because the epidermis is not an organ on its own but rather a part of an organ, the skin. Choice D, System, is incorrect because the epidermis is not a system but rather a component of the integumentary system.

4. What is the most visible part of the ear?

• A. Ear canal
• B. Cochlea
• C. Organ of Corti
• D. Pinna

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The pinna, also known as the auricle, is the most visible part of the ear. Its external shape and location make it easily noticeable on the side of the head. The pinna helps in capturing sound waves and directing them into the ear canal, where the sound transmission process begins. The other structures listed, the Organ of Corti, Cochlea, and Ear canal, are essential parts of the ear involved in hearing and sound processing, but they are not as visibly prominent as the pinna. Therefore, the correct answer is the pinna because of its external visibility and role in capturing sound waves.

5. Which of the following is not part of the axial skeletal system?

• A. the skull
• B. the ribs
• C. the breastbone
• D. the radius

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the radius. The axial skeleton comprises bones located along the central axis of the body. It includes the skull, ribs, breastbone (sternum), vertebrae, and sacrum. The radius, on the other hand, is a bone of the forearm, part of the appendicular skeleton. The appendicular skeleton consists of the bones of the limbs and their girdles, not the central axial bones.

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