which if any of the following statements about the respiratory system are true

HESI A2

HESI A2 Biology Practice Test

1. Which of the following statements about the respiratory system is true?

A. The respiratory system consists of all the organs involved in breathing
B. Organs included in the respiratory system are the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
C. The respiratory system conveys oxygen into our bodies and removes carbon dioxide from our bodies
D. All of the Above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The respiratory system consists of all the organs involved in breathing, including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Additionally, the respiratory system is responsible for conveying oxygen into our bodies and removing carbon dioxide from our bodies. Therefore, all the statements provided are true, making option D the correct choice. Options A, B, and C are all accurate statements about the respiratory system, reinforcing the correctness of choosing option D.

2. Why do gardeners sometimes use salt to get rid of slugs?

A. The salt moves from the exterior into the slug’s body.
B. The salt causes water in the slug to move outward.
C. The salt and slug slime merge to form a new compound.
D. The salt’s corrosiveness breaks down the slug’s cell walls.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Gardeners use salt to get rid of slugs because salt is corrosive and breaks down the slug's cell walls. When the slug comes into contact with salt, the salt draws moisture out of the slug's body, causing dehydration and ultimately leading to the slug's death. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the primary mechanism of salt in eliminating slugs is its corrosive action on the slug's body, not the movement of salt into the slug's body, outward movement of water in the slug, or merging with slug slime to form a new compound.

3. Which of the following bases is not present in RNA?

A. Adenine
B. Thymine
C. Uracil
D. Cytosine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Thymine is not present in RNA. RNA uses uracil as one of its bases, which pairs with adenine. In RNA, adenine does not pair with thymine as in DNA. Cytosine and guanine are the other two bases found in both RNA and DNA.

4. Which structure might be described as a core of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat?

A. RNA
B. Virus
C. Blue-green alga
D. Saprophyte

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A virus can be described as a core of nucleic acid (either RNA or DNA) surrounded by a protein coat, known as a capsid. This structure distinguishes viruses from other microorganisms such as blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), fungi known as saprophytes, or individual RNA molecules. Viruses depend on a host cell to replicate and are considered non-living entities due to their inability to carry out metabolic functions independently.

5. Which light color would be most effective for growing green plants indoors?

A. Blue
B. Yellow
C. Green
D. Orange

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Blue light is the most effective color for growing green plants indoors. Blue light has a higher energy level compared to other colors, which is crucial for promoting vegetative growth, strong stems, and lush foliage in plants. Additionally, blue light helps regulate plant growth hormones, making it essential for the overall health and development of green plants. Yellow, green, and orange light do not provide the necessary energy levels or spectrum needed for optimal plant growth, making them less effective choices for growing green plants indoors.