Nursing Elites

1. When a fluid flows past a solid object, a thin layer of fluid adheres to the object's surface due to:

• A. Buoyancy
• B. Bernoulli's principle
• C. Boundary layer effect
• D. Surface tension minimization

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The boundary layer effect occurs when a thin layer of fluid near the surface of a solid adheres to it due to viscosity. This layer experiences a velocity gradient as the fluid farther from the surface moves faster, while the fluid closest to the surface is nearly stationary.

2. A 110-volt hair dryer delivers 1,525 watts of power. How many amperes does it draw?

• A. 167.75 amperes
• B. 1.635 amperes
• C. 1.415 amperes
• D. 13.9 amperes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To determine the amperes drawn by the hair dryer, we use the formula: Amperes = Watts / Volts. The hair dryer operates at 1,525 watts with 110 volts. Dividing 1,525 watts by 110 volts yields 13.9 amperes. Therefore, the correct answer is 13.9 amperes. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not result from the correct calculation using the formula.

3. In physics, the relationship between acceleration and force is expressed in ___________.

• A. Newton’s first law of motion
• B. Newton’s second law of motion
• C. Newton’s third law of motion
• D. none of Newton’s laws of motion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The relationship between acceleration and force is expressed in Newton’s second law of motion. This law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the object's mass. Mathematically, this relationship is represented as F = ma, where F is the force, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration. Choice A, Newton’s first law of motion, also known as the law of inertia, states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an external force. Choice C, Newton’s third law of motion, states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction, focusing on the interaction between two objects. Choice D is incorrect because the relationship between acceleration and force is indeed described by one of Newton’s laws of motion, specifically the second law.

4. As a vehicle positioned at the peak of a hill rolls downhill, its potential energy transforms into:

• A. Thermal energy
• B. Neither thermal nor kinetic energy
• C. A combination of thermal and kinetic energy
• D. Kinetic energy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kinetic energy. Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy as the vehicle moves downhill. Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a moving object. Thermal energy is not produced in this scenario because the energy transformation is mainly from potential to kinetic energy, not involving heat generation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the primary energy transformation in this scenario is from potential to kinetic energy, not involving thermal energy.

5. When a charged particle moves through a vacuum at a constant speed, it generates:

• A. An electric field only
• B. A magnetic field only
• C. Both an electric and magnetic field
• D. Neither an electric nor magnetic field

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A moving charged particle generates both an electric field and a magnetic field. The electric field is due to the charge itself, and the magnetic field is produced by the motion of the charge. Choice A is incorrect because a moving charged particle also generates a magnetic field. Choice B is incorrect because a moving charged particle generates both electric and magnetic fields. Choice D is incorrect as a moving charged particle generates fields due to its charge and motion.

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