what is the main idea of the passage about microbes

HESI A2

Reading Comprehension HESI A2 Practice Test

1. What is the main idea of the passage about microbes?

A. Recent discoveries are revealing the critical role of microorganisms in maintaining a properly functioning immune system.
B. The human body is host to a staggering number of microorganisms.
C. Bacteriotherapy reintroduces healthy bacteria into a colon lacking the capability to defend against pathogenic agents.
D. Early research has shown remarkable discoveries in the possibilities of bacteriotherapy.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The main idea of the passage is that recent discoveries are shedding light on the pivotal role of microorganisms in maintaining a properly functioning immune system. The passage discusses how the human body hosts a wide array of microorganisms, emphasizes the importance of these bacteria in the development of the immune system, and explores the potential applications of bacteriotherapy. Choice A is the correct answer because it accurately reflects the central theme discussed in the passage. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they focus on specific details or applications mentioned in the passage, rather than capturing the overarching theme of the critical role of microorganisms in immune system function.

2. What is stated in the passage about Sleep Apnea?

A. Sleep apnea causes chronic illness.
B. Sleep apnea affects intellectual abilities.
C. Sleep apnea leads to early death.
D. Sleep apnea causes breathing interruptions.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Sleep apnea causes breathing interruptions.' The passage explicitly mentions sleep apnea as a condition where an individual stops breathing during sleep, indicating breathing interruptions. Choice A is incorrect because the passage does not directly state that sleep apnea causes chronic illness. Choice B is incorrect because the passage discusses how lack of sleep affects intellectual abilities but does not specifically attribute this to sleep apnea. Choice C is incorrect as the passage does not mention sleep apnea leading to early death. Therefore, the most accurate statement about sleep apnea based on the passage is that it causes breathing interruptions.

3. The author describes cosmetics in each of the following cultures EXCEPT ___________.

A. Greek
B. Egyptian
C. Roman
D. Native American

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The author provides descriptions of cosmetic practices in Greek, Egyptian, and Roman cultures but does not mention Native American practices regarding cosmetics. This absence of information about Native American culture leads to the conclusion that option D is correct since it reflects a lack of discussion on that specific culture.

4. The author seems to?

A. Oppose drinking alcohol
B. Favor a strict diet
C. Oppose regulation of personal habits
D. Advocate moderation and balance

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The passage does not explicitly state the author's stance on alcohol consumption or dieting. However, the description of playing Bridge emphasizes qualities like time, effort, and attention to become proficient. This suggests that the author likely favors moderation and balance in one's approach to activities, rather than extremes like excessive drinking or strict dieting. Choice A is incorrect because the author does not express opposition to drinking alcohol. Choice B is incorrect as there is no indication of the author favoring a strict diet. Choice C is incorrect as there is no direct mention of opposing regulation of personal habits in the passage.

5. Which of the following statements is an opinion related to Hypertension?

A. Obese people are at risk for hypertension.
B. Losing weight can decrease blood pressure.
C. Older people must pay attention to their blood pressure.
D. Blurred vision or dizziness may be a sign of hypertension.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A statement of fact can be proved or checked. A statement of opinion is what someone thinks or believes. In this case, statements A, B, and D could be proved scientifically, but statement C is simply a suggestion. While it is advisable for older people to monitor their blood pressure due to the increased risk associated with aging, the statement itself is an opinion because it suggests what older people 'must' do, which is a subjective viewpoint rather than a verifiable fact. Statements A, B, and D provide factual information supported by scientific evidence, making them statements of fact rather than opinion.