Nursing Elites

1. The specific heat capacity (c) of a material is the amount of heat transfer (Q) required to raise the temperature (ΔT) of a unit mass (m) of the material by one degree (typically Celsius). The relationship between these quantities is described by the equation:

• A. Q = cΔT
• B. Q = mcΔT
• C. Q = c / mΔT
• D. Q = ΔT / mc

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct equation relating heat transfer (Q), mass (m), specific heat capacity (c), and change in temperature (ΔT) is Q = mcΔT. This equation states that the heat transfer is equal to the product of the mass, specific heat capacity, and temperature change. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it correctly represents this relationship. Choices C and D do not correctly represent the relationship between these quantities and are therefore incorrect.

2. For the core of an electromagnet, a material with high:

• A. Resistivity is ideal
• B. Permeability is preferred
• C. Permittivity is crucial
• D. Dielectric strength is essential

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A material with high permeability is preferred for the core of an electromagnet because it allows magnetic field lines to pass through it easily, enhancing the strength of the magnetic field generated. Choice A is incorrect because high resistivity would impede the flow of current in the coil, reducing the strength of the magnetic field. Choice C is incorrect as permittivity is related to electric fields, not magnetic fields. Choice D is also incorrect because dielectric strength is about insulating materials against breakdown under an electric field, not relevant to enhancing magnetic fields.

3. According to the zeroth law of thermodynamics, two systems are in thermal equilibrium if:

• A. They have the same pressure.
• B. They have the same volume.
• C. They have the same temperature.
• D. They are made of the same material.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "They have the same temperature." The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other. This implies that they have the same temperature. Choice A is incorrect because pressure is not the determining factor for thermal equilibrium. Choice B is incorrect because volume alone does not dictate thermal equilibrium. Choice D is incorrect as the materials the systems are made of do not determine thermal equilibrium according to the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

4. A solenoid is a long, tightly wound coil of wire that acts like a bar magnet when current flows through it. The magnetic field lines inside a solenoid are most similar to the field lines around:

• A. A single straight current-carrying wire
• B. A horseshoe magnet
• C. A permanent bar magnet
• D. A flat sheet conductor

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The magnetic field lines inside a solenoid resemble the field lines around a permanent bar magnet. Both a solenoid and a bar magnet have north and south poles, resulting in a similar pattern of magnetic field lines. A single straight current-carrying wire produces a different field pattern because it has no coil structure like a solenoid. A horseshoe magnet has a unique field shape due to its pole arrangement, different from the uniform field pattern of a solenoid. A flat sheet conductor does not exhibit the same magnetic field characteristics as a solenoid, as it lacks the coil shape and alignment of a solenoid's magnetic field.

5. If the force acting on an object is doubled, how does its acceleration change?

• A. It remains the same.
• B. It is halved.
• C. It is doubled.
• D. It is eliminated.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it. Therefore, if the force acting on an object is doubled, its acceleration will also double. This relationship is expressed by the equation F = ma, where F is the force, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration. When the force (F) is doubled, the acceleration (a) will also double, assuming the mass remains constant. Choice A is incorrect because acceleration changes with a change in force. Choice B is incorrect because acceleration and force are directly proportional. Choice D is incorrect because increasing the force acting on an object does not eliminate its acceleration; instead, it results in an increase in acceleration, as per Newton's second law.

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