Nursing Elites

1. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following?

• A. Osteoblasts
• B. Neuroglia
• C. Osteocytes
• D. Arterioles

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Neuroglia are specialized connective tissue cells that provide support and protection to neurons in the nervous system. They assist in the proper functioning of neurons and are essential for maintaining the overall health of nerve tissue. Therefore, in the context of nerve tissue composition, neuroglia are the connective tissue cells associated with neurons. The other choices, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and arterioles, are not the correct types of connective tissue cells found in nerve tissue. Osteoblasts are involved in bone formation, osteocytes are mature bone cells, and arterioles are small blood vessels that supply blood to tissues.

2. Which vitamin is essential for the maintenance of healthy skin?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Vitamin A is the correct answer. It is crucial for maintaining healthy skin as it supports skin cell growth, repair, and overall skin health. Additionally, vitamin A plays a role in vision and immune function. Deficiency in vitamin A can lead to skin issues such as dryness and poor wound healing. Vitamin C is known for its role in collagen synthesis and antioxidant properties, while Vitamin D is important for bone health and immunity. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting, but it is not primarily associated with skin health.

3. How does a transverse section divide the body?

• A. Into right and left regions
• B. Into upper and lower regions
• C. Into front and back regions
• D. Between the dorsal and ventral cavities

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A transverse section, also known as a cross-section, divides the body into upper and lower regions. This type of section cuts across the body horizontally, creating a division between the superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions of the body. Choice A is incorrect as dividing the body into right and left regions is typically done by a sagittal section. Choice C is incorrect as dividing the body into front and back regions is usually achieved by a frontal section. Choice D is incorrect as it refers more to the relationship between dorsal and ventral cavities rather than the actual division of the body.

4. What is the meaning of exocytosis?

• A. The cell engulfs and brings in substances.
• B. The cell releases content outside by fusing with the plasma membrane.
• C. The cell engulfs liquid material.
• D. The cell brings in solid particles.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Exocytosis is the process by which a cell releases substances to the outside by fusing with the plasma membrane. During exocytosis, vesicles containing molecules fuse with the cell membrane, allowing the release of the contents outside the cell. This process is crucial for the secretion of various substances such as hormones, enzymes, and neurotransmitters. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they describe processes different from exocytosis. Choice A describes endocytosis, where the cell engulfs substances to bring them into the cell. Choice C is more aligned with pinocytosis, the process of engulfing liquid material. Choice D refers to phagocytosis, which is the uptake of solid particles by the cell.

5. What is the primary function of the kidneys in the urinary system?

• A. To filter waste from the blood
• B. To produce urine
• C. To regulate blood pressure
• D. To maintain fluid balance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'To filter waste from the blood.' The primary function of the kidneys in the urinary system is to filter waste products and excess substances from the blood, forming urine, which is then excreted from the body. This process helps maintain the body's internal environment by regulating the balance of electrolytes, fluid levels, and eliminating metabolic waste products. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while the kidneys do produce urine, regulate blood pressure, and maintain fluid balance, their primary function within the urinary system is the filtration of waste from the blood.

Similar Questions