Nursing Elites

1. How does the integumentary system interact with the nervous system?

• A. The integumentary system removes heat from the neurons in the nervous system.
• B. The nervous system circulates nutrients outward to the integumentary system.
• C. Touch input via the integumentary system sends messages to the nervous system.
• D. Messages from the nervous system affect the color and texture of the skin.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Touch input via the integumentary system sends messages to the nervous system. The integumentary system, comprising the skin, hair, and nails, functions as a sensory organ and a protective barrier against external threats. Specialized receptors in the skin detect stimuli like pressure, temperature, and pain, transmitting signals to the nervous system for interpretation. This communication enables the perception of touch and is vital for sensory processes, showcasing the interconnectedness between the integumentary and nervous systems. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the integumentary system primarily interacts with the nervous system through sensory input and communication of stimuli, rather than heat removal, nutrient circulation, or affecting skin color and texture based on nervous system messages.

2. Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin D
• C. Vitamin K
• D. Vitamin C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin D is crucial for the absorption of calcium in the intestines. It aids in maintaining optimal calcium levels in the body, promoting strong bones and teeth. Without sufficient Vitamin D, the absorption of calcium can be compromised, leading to potential issues with bone health. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Vitamin A is essential for vision, skin health, and immune function. Vitamin K is necessary for blood clotting and bone metabolism. Vitamin C is important for collagen synthesis, wound healing, and immune function, but it is not directly involved in calcium absorption.

3. How many bones are in the human foot?

• A. 6
• B. 16
• C. 26
• D. 36

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 26. The human foot consists of 26 bones, including tarsal bones, metatarsal bones, and phalanges. These bones collaborate to offer support, flexibility, and stability for various activities like standing, walking, and running. Choice A (6) is incorrect as it is too low for the number of bones in the human foot. Choice B (16) is incorrect as it underestimates the actual number of bones in the foot. Choice D (36) is incorrect as it overestimates the number of bones in the human foot.

4. Which gland is responsible for regulating metabolism and growth?

• A. Thyroid gland
• B. Pituitary gland
• C. Adrenal gland
• D. Pineal gland

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the Thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is responsible for regulating metabolism and growth. It produces hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which play essential roles in controlling metabolic processes, growth, and development throughout the body. Choice B, the Pituitary gland, although important for hormone regulation, is not primarily responsible for regulating metabolism and growth. Choices C and D, the Adrenal gland and Pineal gland, respectively, have different functions and are not primarily involved in regulating metabolism and growth.

5. Which gland controls Calciferol?

• A. Thyroid
• B. Pituitary
• C. Parathyroid
• D. Hypothalamus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Calciferol, commonly known as Vitamin D, is regulated by the parathyroid gland, not the thyroid, pituitary, or hypothalamus. The parathyroid gland plays a crucial role in maintaining calcium and phosphorus balance in the body by regulating the production of calcitriol, the active form of Vitamin D. This hormone helps in the absorption of calcium from the intestines and its reabsorption in the kidneys to maintain proper calcium levels in the blood. Therefore, the correct answer is the Parathyroid gland (Choice C). Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not have a direct role in controlling Calciferol.

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