Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary function of the liver?

• A. Detoxifying harmful substances
• B. Producing bile
• C. Producing insulin
• D. Storing glycogen

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the liver is to detoxify harmful substances in the blood. While the liver also produces bile, which aids in digestion, stores glycogen for energy storage, and participates in metabolism, its main and essential function is detoxification. Producing insulin is mainly attributed to the pancreas, not the liver.

2. Which system does the esophagus belong to?

• A. Endocrine system
• B. Digestive system
• C. Respiratory system
• D. Nervous system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The esophagus is part of the digestive system. It is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach, allowing the passage of food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach for digestion. The esophagus plays a crucial role in the process of swallowing and digestion, which are essential functions of the digestive system. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the esophagus is not associated with the endocrine, respiratory, or nervous systems.

3. What is the most visible part of the ear?

• A. Ear canal
• B. Cochlea
• C. Organ of Corti
• D. Pinna

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The pinna, also known as the auricle, is the most visible part of the ear. Its external shape and location make it easily noticeable on the side of the head. The pinna helps in capturing sound waves and directing them into the ear canal, where the sound transmission process begins. The other structures listed, the Organ of Corti, Cochlea, and Ear canal, are essential parts of the ear involved in hearing and sound processing, but they are not as visibly prominent as the pinna. Therefore, the correct answer is the pinna because of its external visibility and role in capturing sound waves.

4. Which is an anterior muscle of the thigh?

• A. Gluteus maximus
• B. Quadriceps femoris
• C. Biceps femoris
• D. Adductor magnus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Quadriceps femoris. The quadriceps femoris is an anterior muscle located on the front of the thigh. It is composed of four muscles: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. These muscles play a crucial role in extending the knee and are essential for activities like walking, running, and jumping. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they are not anterior muscles of the thigh. Gluteus maximus is a muscle located in the buttocks, biceps femoris is a muscle of the posterior thigh, and adductor magnus is a muscle of the medial thigh.

5. Which hormone is produced by the thyroid gland?

• A. Insulin
• B. Thyroxine
• C. Glucagon
• D. Cortisol

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Thyroxine is the hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, heart rate, and growth. Insulin is produced by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels, not by the thyroid gland. Glucagon is also produced by the pancreas and helps increase blood sugar levels. Cortisol is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in stress response and metabolism, not by the thyroid gland.

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