Nursing Elites

1. What is the net charge of an ionic compound?

• A. 0
• B. -1
• C. +1
• D. Variable

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0. Ionic compounds have a net charge of 0 because they are formed by the combination of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) in a way that neutralizes their charges. This balanced combination results in an electrically neutral compound. Therefore, the net charge of an ionic compound is typically 0. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because ionic compounds are designed to have a total neutral charge, with the positive charges balancing out the negative charges.

2. What type of intermolecular force is a dipole attraction?

• A. Strong
• B. Weak
• C. Medium
• D. Very strong

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A dipole attraction is considered a weak intermolecular force. It occurs between molecules with permanent dipoles, where the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule. While dipole-dipole interactions are stronger than dispersion forces, they are weaker than hydrogen bonding or ion-dipole interactions. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Weak.' Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because dipole attractions are not classified as strong, medium, or very strong intermolecular forces, but rather fall into the category of weak intermolecular forces.

3. Which type of chemical reaction involves an active metal reacting with an ionic compound to create a new compound?

• A. Combustion
• B. Single replacement
• C. Synthesis
• D. Decomposition

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Single replacement.' In a single replacement reaction, an active metal replaces another element in an ionic compound, resulting in the formation of a new compound. Option A, 'Combustion,' involves a substance rapidly reacting with oxygen to release energy in the form of heat and light. Option C, 'Synthesis,' involves the combination of two or more substances to form a more complex product. Option D, 'Decomposition,' involves the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances.

4. Which of these represents a strong acid?

• A. CH₃COOH
• B. H₂SO₄
• C. NH₃
• D. KOH

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Among the options provided, H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid) represents a strong acid. Strong acids completely ionize in water to produce a high concentration of H+ ions. Sulfuric acid is a strong acid known for its ability to dissociate almost completely in water, making it a strong acid. Choice A, CH₃COOH (acetic acid), is a weak acid that only partially dissociates in water. Choices C and D, NH₃ (ammonia) and KOH (potassium hydroxide), are bases and not acids.

5. What is the process of breaking bonds and forming new bonds to create new chemical compounds?

• A. Physical reaction
• B. Chemical reaction
• C. Nuclear reaction
• D. Mechanical reaction

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A chemical reaction involves the breaking and forming of bonds to create new substances. During a chemical reaction, the original chemical bonds are broken, and new bonds are formed to produce one or more new substances with different properties from the reactants. This transformation is a fundamental concept in chemistry and distinguishes chemical reactions from physical, nuclear, or mechanical reactions. Choice A, 'Physical reaction,' does not involve the breaking and forming of chemical bonds but rather changes in physical state or appearance. Choice C, 'Nuclear reaction,' involves changes in the nuclei of atoms, not the breaking and forming of chemical bonds. Choice D, 'Mechanical reaction,' refers to reactions involving physical forces or movements, not the breaking and forming of chemical bonds as in a chemical reaction.

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