Nursing Elites

1. What is the main function of the digestive system?

• A. To break down food and absorb nutrients
• B. To regulate body temperature
• C. To transport nutrients
• D. To produce hormones

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The main function of the digestive system is to break down food into nutrients through the process of digestion. Once the food is broken down, the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream and utilized by the body for various functions. Choice B, regulating body temperature, is incorrect as it is the function of the body's thermoregulatory system, not the digestive system. Choice C, transporting nutrients, is incorrect as the digestive system primarily focuses on breaking down and absorbing nutrients rather than transporting them. Choice D, producing hormones, is also incorrect as hormone production is mainly carried out by endocrine glands and not the digestive system.

2. Which type of muscle tissue is found in the heart?

• A. Smooth muscle
• B. Cardiac muscle
• C. Skeletal muscle
• D. Striated muscle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cardiac muscle tissue, represented by choice B, is the correct answer. Cardiac muscle tissue is unique to the heart and responsible for its involuntary contractions that pump blood throughout the body. Smooth muscle (choice A) is found in the walls of hollow organs, skeletal muscle (choice C) is attached to bones for movement, and striated muscle (choice D) is a general term that can refer to both cardiac and skeletal muscle but is not specific to the heart.

3. What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

• A. To transport oxygen and nutrients
• B. To regulate body temperature
• C. To remove waste products
• D. To produce hormones

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'To transport oxygen and nutrients.' The primary function of the cardiovascular system is to transport oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells throughout the body and remove waste products. Choice B is incorrect because regulating body temperature is primarily the function of the body's thermoregulatory system, including sweat glands and blood vessels near the skin surface. Choice C is incorrect because while the cardiovascular system does help remove waste products through circulation, it is not its primary function. Choice D is incorrect as hormone production is mainly carried out by endocrine glands, not the cardiovascular system.

4. Where will a person who has damage to their ulnar nerve experience decreased sensation?

• A. Leg
• B. Arm
• C. Face
• D. Abdomen

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The ulnar nerve innervates the forearm and hand, specifically providing sensation to the ring and little fingers. Damage to this nerve can lead to decreased sensation in these areas, making the arm the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the ulnar nerve does not supply sensation to the leg, face, or abdomen.

5. What is the main function of the nervous system?

• A. Transporting blood
• B. Protecting the body from infection
• C. Regulating body temperature
• D. Digesting food

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The main function of the nervous system is to control and coordinate body activities by transmitting signals between different parts of the body and responding to internal and external stimuli. This allows for the regulation of body temperature, movement, sensory perception, and various other functions necessary for homeostasis. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the primary role of the nervous system. Transporting blood is mainly carried out by the circulatory system, protecting the body from infection is a function of the immune system, and digesting food is the role of the digestive system.

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