what is a major difference in the way baroreceptors and chemoreceptors work from the way the kidneys work
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Nursing Elites

HESI A2

HESI A2 Reading Comprehension V1 2024

1. What is a major difference in the way baroreceptors and chemoreceptors work from the way the kidneys work?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors send impulses from the arteries, while the kidneys control blood volume. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors are responsible for monitoring blood pressure by sensing changes in pressure, oxygen levels, carbon dioxide levels, and pH within the arteries. They send out impulses to raise or lower blood pressure accordingly. On the other hand, the kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood volume by absorbing salts and water and removing waste products. This key difference highlights that while baroreceptors and chemoreceptors are involved in monitoring and regulating blood pressure, the kidneys primarily focus on controlling blood volume. Choice B is incorrect because it inaccurately states that baroreceptors and chemoreceptors help maintain blood volume, which is not their primary function. Choice C is incorrect as it provides an inaccurate comparison between the roles of baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and the kidneys. Choice D is incorrect as it wrongly associates the location of baroreceptors and chemoreceptors with the adrenal cortex, which is not accurate.

2. Based on this passage, what can the reader infer about the advice physicians will give their pregnant patients about coffee consumption?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The passage implies that there is variability in physician responses to the study about caffeine consumption. Some doctors may continue their standard recommendations, while others might advise more caution based on the new evidence. Therefore, option D reflects this variability in professional opinions and is the correct inference.

3. Which of the following statements is an opinion related to MRSA?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it is an opinion rather than a verifiable fact. The statement suggests a recommendation for hospitals to adopt new germ-fighting textiles swiftly, which is a subjective viewpoint and not objectively measurable. Choices A and B are factual statements regarding combating MRSA infection and antibiotic resistance, respectively. Choice D provides a comparison of MRSA infection with HIV/AIDS, which is a factual statement based on statistical data. Therefore, C is the only choice that presents an opinion rather than a fact.

4. The passage mentions all of the following claims for the health benefits of super foods EXCEPT ___________.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The passage discusses various health benefits of superfoods, such as lowering cholesterol, stabilizing insulin levels, and reducing blood pressure. However, it does not mention anything about building muscle mass, making C the correct choice as it identifies the claim that is not supported by the passage.

5. What is the author’s primary purpose in writing the essay about Sunny-Side Up?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The author's primary purpose is to inform readers about the benefits of sunlight, including its role in vitamin D synthesis and other health benefits. While the passage does advocate for sunlight exposure, the primary aim is to provide information rather than persuade or entertain, making D the most accurate choice.

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