Nursing Elites

1. In this passage, which of the following is not mentioned as a role of HGH in the human body?

• A. Regulating the metabolism.
• B. Stimulating the immune system.
• C. Regulating leptin, an appetite-controlling hormone.
• D. Facilitating calcium retention.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Regulating leptin, an appetite-controlling hormone. In the provided passage, it is stated that human growth hormone (HGH) is essential for regulating metabolism, building muscle, facilitating calcium retention, and stimulating the immune system. However, leptin is not mentioned as directly regulated by HGH. Instead, the passage discusses how inadequate sleep can lead to lowered levels of leptin, affecting appetite control. Choices A, B, and D are all roles of HGH explicitly mentioned in the passage, making them incorrect answers. Therefore, C is the correct choice as it was not directly linked to HGH in the passage.

2. What does Macmillan's invention of the bicycle signify?

• A. He made important changes in bicycle design.
• B. He invented the first bicycle with pedals.
• C. He developed the modern chain drive.
• D. He improved the safety of bicycles.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Macmillan's invention of pedals was a significant milestone in bicycle history as it allowed for quicker and more efficient travel. The provided extract mentions that Macmillan's bicycle had foot-operated cranks like pedals, which enabled the rider to travel at a quick pace. This innovation marked a crucial development in the evolution of bicycles. While choices A, C, and D are related to advancements in bicycle design and safety, the key significance of Macmillan's invention lies in introducing pedals to bicycles, making choice B the correct answer.

3. What is the best definition of 'efficient' as used in the third paragraph?

• A. Slow but steady.
• B. Productive without waste.
• C. Wasteful and careless.
• D. Quick but sloppy.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct definition of 'efficient' in the third paragraph is 'Productive without waste.' In the extract provided, it discusses how different cultures developed tools like cutlery and chopsticks to efficiently eat food. Efficiency here refers to getting something done with the least amount of waste. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately capture the concept of efficiency discussed in the passage.

4. The term afforded to, as used in the third paragraph, can best be defined as ___________.

• A. Traversed by
• B. Presented to
• C. Removed from
• D. Paid for by

Correct answer: B

Rationale: "Afforded to" in this context means "presented to," as it refers to the education options available to women at the time.

5. What statement about jetlag can be inferred from the passage on Daylight Savings Time?

• A. Jetlag is caused by flying at high speeds.
• B. Jetlag is caused by moving between time zones.
• C. Jetlag is unrelated to time zone changes.
• D. Jetlag is a myth.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Jetlag is caused by moving between time zones.' The passage explains that jetlag occurs when moving suddenly from one time zone to another, such as when flying from Asia to North America. This disrupts the body's internal clock, leading to symptoms like tiredness and sleep disturbances. Choice A is incorrect as jetlag is not attributed to high-speed travel but to time zone changes. Choice C is incorrect as the passage clearly links jetlag to changes in time zones. Choice D is incorrect as jetlag is a real phenomenon experienced by individuals who travel across different time zones.

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