Nursing Elites

1. In nature, water vapor becomes liquid water through the process of ___________.

• A. condensation
• B. sublimation
• C. precipitation
• D. absorption

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In nature, water vapor becomes liquid water through the process of condensation. Condensation occurs when water vapor cools and changes its state from a gas to a liquid, forming droplets that we commonly see as water droplets on surfaces or clouds in the sky. Sublimation refers to the transition from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase. Precipitation is the process where water in the atmosphere falls to the ground as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. Absorption is the process of one substance being taken in by another.

2. How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do humans have?

• A. 13
• B. 23
• C. 26
• D. 46

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 46. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, which include 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that contain the same genes, one from each parent. Therefore, humans have a total of 46 chromosomes, with 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not represent the total number of chromosomes in humans or the number of pairs of homologous chromosomes.

3. What is the effect of the Earth's rotation on the atmosphere and on all objects on the Earth's surface?

• A. The Coriolis effect
• B. The Corona effect
• C. The Archimedes effect
• D. The tidal effect

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Coriolis effect is the effect of the Earth's rotation on the atmosphere and on all objects on the Earth's surface. It causes moving objects and currents to be deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. This deflection is a result of the rotation of the Earth and plays a crucial role in influencing weather patterns and ocean currents around the globe. The other choices provided are incorrect. The Corona effect is related to the Sun's atmosphere, the Archimedes effect involves buoyancy in fluids, and the tidal effect is associated with the gravitational forces between the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun.

4. Which is not part of a nucleic acid?

• A. Sulfate
• B. Phosphate
• C. Carbon
• D. Nitrogen

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sulfate is not part of a nucleic acid. Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are composed of nucleotide units, which consist of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base. Carbon and nitrogen are essential elements found in nucleic acids, while sulfate is not a component of nucleic acid structure. Therefore, the correct answer is A: Sulfate.

5. Which organism reproduces via binary fission?

• A. Mushroom
• B. Blue whale
• C. Rainbow trout
• D. Salmonella

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Salmonella. Salmonella bacterium reproduces via binary fission, a form of asexual reproduction where the cell divides into two daughter cells with identical genetic material. This process is common among bacteria and single-celled organisms. Mushrooms reproduce through spores, blue whales and rainbow trout reproduce sexually, involving the fusion of male and female gametes. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not reproduce through binary fission.

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