Nursing Elites

1. In an electrically neutral atom, the number of:

• A. Electrons is equal to protons
• B. Protons is equal to neutrons
• C. Neutrons are always greater than protons
• D. Electrons are always less than protons

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In an electrically neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Electrons carry a negative charge, protons carry a positive charge, and neutrons are neutral. Since the atom is electrically neutral, the positive charge of the protons must balance the negative charge of the electrons, making the numbers of electrons and protons equal. Choice B is incorrect because protons are not equal to neutrons in an atom. Choice C is incorrect because neutrons are not always greater than protons, and choice D is incorrect because electrons are not always less than protons in an atom.

2. What characterizes laminar flow?

• A. Smooth, parallel layers of fluid particles
• B. Erratic and turbulent motion of fluid particles
• C. High viscosity hindering flow
• D. Incompressibility of the fluid

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Laminar flow is characterized by the smooth, parallel movement of fluid particles along layers in a predictable manner. This flow regime occurs at low velocities and is in contrast to turbulent flow, where fluid particles exhibit erratic and chaotic motion. The viscosity of the fluid does not hinder laminar flow; instead, it influences the resistance to flow. Incompressibility is a property of fluids but does not specifically define laminar flow. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it accurately describes the behavior of fluid particles in laminar flow, making B, C, and D incorrect.

3. Power (P) represents the rate of work done. Which formula accurately depicts power?

• A. P = W / F
• B. P = d / t
• C. P = W x t
• D. P = F / t

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Power (P) is defined as the rate of work done over time. The correct formula for power is P = W/t, where W is the work done, and t is the time taken. Therefore, option D, P = F / t, correctly represents power as work divided by time. Option A, P = W / F, is incorrect as it represents work divided by force, not power. Option B, P = d / t, is incorrect as it represents distance divided by time, not power. Option C, P = W x t, is incorrect as it represents work multiplied by time, not power. It's important to understand the distinction between work, power, force, time, and other related concepts to solve physics problems accurately.

4. What is the diameter of a loop if its radius is 6 meters?

• A. 6 m
• B. 12 m
• C. 18 m
• D. 36 m

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The diameter of a loop is calculated by multiplying the radius by 2. Since the radius is 6 meters, the diameter is 6 × 2 = 12 meters. Therefore, the correct answer is 12 meters. Choice A (6 m) is the radius, not the diameter. Choices C (18 m) and D (36 m) are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation for determining the diameter of a loop.

5. Viscosity, μ, is a transport property of a fluid that reflects its:

• A. Inertia
• B. Resistance to flow
• C. Compressibility
• D. Buoyancy generation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Viscosity refers to a fluid's resistance to flow. A fluid with high viscosity (like honey) flows slowly, while a fluid with low viscosity (like water) flows more easily. It is a measure of internal friction in the fluid. Choice A, 'Inertia,' is incorrect as inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. Choice C, 'Compressibility,' is incorrect as it refers to the ability of a fluid to be compressed. Choice D, 'Buoyancy generation,' is incorrect as it relates to the upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object.

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