Nursing Elites

1. In an electrically neutral atom, the number of:

• A. Electrons is equal to protons
• B. Protons is equal to neutrons
• C. Neutrons are always greater than protons
• D. Electrons are always less than protons

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In an electrically neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Electrons carry a negative charge, protons carry a positive charge, and neutrons are neutral. Since the atom is electrically neutral, the positive charge of the protons must balance the negative charge of the electrons, making the numbers of electrons and protons equal. Choice B is incorrect because protons are not equal to neutrons in an atom. Choice C is incorrect because neutrons are not always greater than protons, and choice D is incorrect because electrons are not always less than protons in an atom.

2. When a crane hoists a massive object at a constant velocity compared to lifting the same object gradually, the work done by the crane is:

• A. Less
• B. More
• C. Identical
• D. Dependent on the object's mass

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The work done by the crane is identical in both scenarios. Work is defined as the force applied over a distance. Since the force needed to lift the object is equal to its weight and the displacement is the same, the work done is identical, whether the object is lifted gradually or at a constant velocity. Choice A is incorrect because the work done is the same in both cases. Choice B is incorrect as well since the work done does not increase. Choice D is incorrect as the mass of the object does not affect the work done by the crane in this scenario.

3. How do you determine the velocity of a wave?

• A. Multiply the frequency by the wavelength.
• B. Add the frequency and the wavelength.
• C. Subtract the wavelength from the frequency.
• D. Divide the wavelength by the frequency.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The velocity of a wave can be determined by multiplying the frequency of the wave by the wavelength. This relationship is given by the formula: velocity = frequency × wavelength. By multiplying the frequency by the wavelength, you can calculate the speed at which the wave is traveling. This formula is derived from the basic wave equation v = f × λ, where v represents velocity, f is frequency, and λ is wavelength. Therefore, to find the velocity of a wave, one must multiply its frequency by its wavelength. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Adding, subtracting, or dividing the frequency and wavelength does not yield the correct calculation for wave velocity. The correct formula for determining wave velocity is to multiply the frequency by the wavelength.

4. An object with a charge of 4 μC is placed 50 cm from another object with a charge twice as great. What is the magnitude of the resulting repulsive force?

• A. 0.1152 N
• B. 1.152 N
• C. 10^−3 N
• D. 2.5 × 10^−3 N

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The force between two charges is calculated using Coulomb's Law, which states that the force is proportional to the product of the two charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Given that one charge is twice as great as the other and the distance between them is 50 cm, we can calculate the repulsive force. The magnitude of the resulting repulsive force is 2.5 × 10^−3 N. Choice A is incorrect as it does not match the calculated value. Choice B is incorrect as it is significantly higher than the correct answer. Choice C is incorrect as it represents 10^−3 N, which is lower than the calculated value.

5. When analyzing a power plant, which of the following is NOT considered a part of the system?

• A. The fuel being burned.
• B. The working fluid (e.g., steam or water).
• C. The turbine that generates electricity.
• D. The surrounding air.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a power plant system, the components directly involved in the energy conversion process are considered part of the system. The fuel being burned provides the heat source, the working fluid transfers this heat energy, and the turbine converts it into mechanical energy to generate electricity. The surrounding air, while it may interact with the system, is not a component that directly participates in the energy conversion process within the power plant system. Therefore, the correct answer is D - The surrounding air. Choices A, B, and C are essential components of a power plant system as they play direct roles in the energy conversion process, unlike the surrounding air.

Similar Questions