Nursing Elites

1. Choose the best summary of the passage about Sunny-Side Up.

• A. Light-skinned people need a maximum of 15 minutes a day in direct sunlight to achieve the benefits of the sun’s rays.
• B. Spending too much time indoors can wreak havoc with your circadian rhythms, leach vitamin D from your bones, and damage your immune system.
• C. Although negative effects of sunlight are well known, people should be aware that some sunlight is necessary and beneficial.
• D. You can avoid direct sunlight but still reap the benefits of a day in the sun by using sunscreen or tinted glass.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The best summary captures the essence of the passage, which acknowledges the well-known negative effects of sunlight while also emphasizing the necessity and benefits of sunlight exposure. C accurately reflects this balanced view, making it the most appropriate choice.

2. In this passage, which of the following is not mentioned as a role of HGH in the human body?

• A. Regulating the metabolism.
• B. Stimulating the immune system.
• C. Regulating leptin, an appetite-controlling hormone.
• D. Facilitating calcium retention.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Regulating leptin, an appetite-controlling hormone. In the provided passage, it is stated that human growth hormone (HGH) is essential for regulating metabolism, building muscle, facilitating calcium retention, and stimulating the immune system. However, leptin is not mentioned as directly regulated by HGH. Instead, the passage discusses how inadequate sleep can lead to lowered levels of leptin, affecting appetite control. Choices A, B, and D are all roles of HGH explicitly mentioned in the passage, making them incorrect answers. Therefore, C is the correct choice as it was not directly linked to HGH in the passage.

3. What role does water vapor play in the Water Cycle, as described in the passage?

• A. Water vapor is unnecessary in the water cycle.
• B. Water vapor plays a key role in precipitation.
• C. Water vapor is harmful to the environment.
• D. Water vapor cools the Earth's surface.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Water vapor plays a key role in precipitation.' The passage clearly outlines the importance of water vapor in the water cycle. It explains that water vapor returns to the air from surface water and plants, and condenses back into droplets of liquid, forming clouds. These clouds eventually lead to precipitation like rain, snow, sleet, or hail. Choice A is incorrect as water vapor is crucial in the water cycle. Choice C is also incorrect as there is no mention of water vapor being harmful in the passage. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not state that water vapor cools the Earth's surface; instead, it highlights its role in the formation of precipitation.

4. The author of the passage would probably agree with which of the following statements relating corrective lenses and aging eyes?

• A. A carpenter uses wood glue to fix a broken cabinet.
• B. A student buys a new notebook for upcoming classes.
• C. A chef sharpens knives before starting to cook.
• D. An athlete stretches before a game to avoid a potential injury.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct analogy for the role of corrective lenses in helping aging eyes can be compared to an athlete stretching before a game. Just as stretching prepares an athlete's body to perform optimally and avoid injury during a game, corrective lenses help aging eyes adjust and focus properly due to the hardening and loss of elasticity in the eye lens. Choices A, B, and C do not align with the concept of preparing or adjusting to address a specific issue, unlike the use of corrective lenses for aging eyes.

5. FRAX takes into account all of the following factors EXCEPT ___________.

• A. Lifestyle choices
• B. Exposure to toxins
• C. Genetic heritage
• D. Exposure to sunlight

Correct answer: B

Rationale: FRAX, a tool used to assess fracture risk, considers various factors like lifestyle choices, genetic heritage, and exposure to sunlight. However, exposure to toxins is not mentioned in the provided extract as a factor considered by FRAX. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Exposure to toxins is unrelated to fracture risk assessment as per the information provided. Lifestyle choices, genetic heritage, and exposure to sunlight are all factors that FRAX takes into consideration to determine the risk of experiencing a fracture within the next decade.

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