Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following animals would have the least energy efficiency in nutrient consumption?

• A. Cow
• B. Caterpillar
• C. Coyote
• D. Cricket

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Cows are ruminant animals that have multiple stomachs and require large amounts of food to digest and convert into energy. They have lower energy efficiency compared to insects like caterpillars, coyotes, and crickets, which have more efficient nutrient consumption processes. The digestive system and metabolic functions of cows result in them having the least energy efficiency in nutrient consumption among the given choices. Caterpillars, coyotes, and crickets have more efficient nutrient consumption processes, making them more energy-efficient than cows.

2. Which cells in the human body lack nuclei?

• A. Nerve cells
• B. Red blood cells
• C. Liver cells
• D. Connective tissue cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, lack nuclei in humans. This absence of a nucleus allows more space for hemoglobin, the protein responsible for carrying oxygen, making red blood cells efficient at their function of oxygen transport in the body. Nerve cells (Choice A), liver cells (Choice C), and connective tissue cells (Choice D) all possess nuclei as they require genetic material for their functions, such as cell signaling, protein synthesis, and structural support.

3. What type of cell is an animal cell?

• A. Prokaryotic
• B. Eukaryotic
• C. Plant Cell
• D. Bacterial Cell

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, eukaryotic. Animal cells are classified as eukaryotic cells because they contain membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Choice A, prokaryotic, is incorrect as prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles. Choice C, Plant Cell, is incorrect as the question specifically asks about animal cells. Choice D, Bacterial Cell, is incorrect as bacteria are prokaryotic cells.

4. Which light color would be most effective for growing green plants indoors?

• A. Blue
• B. Yellow
• C. Green
• D. Orange

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Blue light is the most effective color for growing green plants indoors. Blue light has a higher energy level compared to other colors, which is crucial for promoting vegetative growth, strong stems, and lush foliage in plants. Additionally, blue light helps regulate plant growth hormones, making it essential for the overall health and development of green plants. Yellow, green, and orange light do not provide the necessary energy levels or spectrum needed for optimal plant growth, making them less effective choices for growing green plants indoors.

5. From which component do RNA and DNA derive their names?

• A. From the sugar each contains
• B. From the structure of their nucleotides
• C. From the information they transfer
• D. From their formative processes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: RNA and DNA derive their names from the sugar each contains. RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid, with 'ribo' indicating the ribose sugar in its structure. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, with 'deoxyribo' referring to the deoxyribose sugar in its structure. The sugars in RNA and DNA molecules distinguish them and are the basis for their names. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately explain how RNA and DNA derive their names.

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