Nursing Elites

1. Which hormone is not produced by the pituitary gland?

• A. FSH
• B. TRH
• C. LH
• D. ADH

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is not produced by the pituitary gland. TRH is actually produced by the hypothalamus and acts on the pituitary gland to stimulate the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). On the other hand, FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), and ADH (antidiuretic hormone) are all hormones directly produced by the pituitary gland.

2. What is the function of the liver in the body?

• A. To filter blood
• B. To produce bile and detoxify substances
• C. To produce insulin
• D. To produce red blood cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To produce bile and detoxify substances.' The liver's primary functions include producing bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats, and detoxifying harmful substances in the blood. While the liver does play a role in blood filtration, its key functions are related to bile production and detoxification. Choices C and D are incorrect because the liver does not produce insulin (produced by the pancreas) or red blood cells (produced in the bone marrow).

3. What is the primary role of the large intestine?

• A. To absorb nutrients
• B. To absorb water
• C. To break down food
• D. To secrete digestive enzymes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To absorb water. The primary role of the large intestine is to absorb water from indigestible food matter. This absorption process helps in forming solid waste for excretion. Nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine. Breaking down food and secreting digestive enzymes are functions primarily associated with the stomach and small intestine.

4. Which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy?

• A. FSH
• B. Estrogen
• C. LH
• D. Progesterone

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Progesterone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy. It promotes the growth of blood vessels and glands in the endometrial lining, making it conducive for implantation and supporting early pregnancy. While estrogen helps in thickening the endometrium, it is progesterone that plays a crucial role in preparing it for pregnancy. FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone) is involved in stimulating ovarian follicles, not directly in preparing the endometrium. LH (Luteinizing hormone) triggers ovulation but does not primarily prepare the endometrium for pregnancy.

5. What is the function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

• A. To fight infections
• B. To transport oxygen
• C. To carry carbon dioxide
• D. To store oxygen

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To transport oxygen.' Hemoglobin in red blood cells plays a crucial role in transporting oxygen. It binds to oxygen in the lungs and carries it to the body's tissues and organs for cellular respiration. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hemoglobin's primary function is to bind and transport oxygen, not to fight infections, carry carbon dioxide, or store oxygen.

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