Nursing Elites

1. Which is a posterior feature of the human leg?

• A. Patella
• B. Quadriceps sartorius
• C. Triceps brachii
• D. Achilles tendon

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is the Achilles tendon. The Achilles tendon is a strong tendon located at the back of the human leg, connecting the calf muscles to the heel bone. This positioning makes it a posterior feature, situated at the rear of the leg. The patella, also known as the kneecap, is positioned at the front of the leg, making it an anterior feature. The quadriceps sartorius are muscles located in the front of the thigh, not at the back of the leg. Additionally, the triceps brachii is a muscle found in the upper arm, not in the leg, making it an incorrect choice.

2. What is the function of the gallbladder in the digestive system?

• A. To produce bile
• B. To store and concentrate bile
• C. To detoxify harmful substances
• D. To regulate blood sugar

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The gallbladder's main function is to store and concentrate bile produced by the liver. Bile is essential for the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as the gallbladder acts as a reservoir for bile rather than producing it. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the gallbladder does not produce bile, detoxify harmful substances, or regulate blood sugar in the digestive system.

3. The anterior chamber of the eye lies between the ___________.

• A. iris and lens
• B. lens and retina
• C. cornea and iris
• D. retina and optic nerve

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The anterior chamber of the eye is the fluid-filled space located between the cornea and the iris in the front part of the eye. It contains aqueous humor and helps maintain intraocular pressure. The space between the iris and the lens is known as the anterior chamber, making option A, 'iris and lens,' the correct choice. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not describe the correct anatomical location of the anterior chamber.

4. Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin D
• C. Vitamin K
• D. Vitamin C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin D is crucial for the absorption of calcium in the intestines. It aids in maintaining optimal calcium levels in the body, promoting strong bones and teeth. Without sufficient Vitamin D, the absorption of calcium can be compromised, leading to potential issues with bone health. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Vitamin A is essential for vision, skin health, and immune function. Vitamin K is necessary for blood clotting and bone metabolism. Vitamin C is important for collagen synthesis, wound healing, and immune function, but it is not directly involved in calcium absorption.

5. Which vitamin is necessary for the formation of collagen?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin E

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin C is essential for the synthesis of collagen, a crucial protein that plays a significant role in maintaining the structural integrity of skin, blood vessels, and bones. Collagen is responsible for the strength, elasticity, and firmness of these tissues. Without sufficient vitamin C, the body cannot form collagen properly, leading to various health issues like scurvy, impaired wound healing, and fragile blood vessels. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Vitamin A plays a role in vision, immune function, and skin health. Vitamin D is crucial for bone health and immune function, while Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage.

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