Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

• A. To transport oxygen and nutrients
• B. To regulate body temperature
• C. To remove waste products
• D. To produce hormones

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'To transport oxygen and nutrients.' The primary function of the cardiovascular system is to transport oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells throughout the body and remove waste products. Choice B is incorrect because regulating body temperature is primarily the function of the body's thermoregulatory system, including sweat glands and blood vessels near the skin surface. Choice C is incorrect because while the cardiovascular system does help remove waste products through circulation, it is not its primary function. Choice D is incorrect as hormone production is mainly carried out by endocrine glands, not the cardiovascular system.

2. Which of the following locations is not involved in the release of hormones during stress?

• A. Parathyroid gland
• B. Adrenal cortex
• C. Posterior pituitary
• D. Hypothalamus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The parathyroid gland is not involved in the release of hormones during stress. It is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood by secreting parathyroid hormone. During stress, the adrenal cortex, posterior pituitary, and hypothalamus play crucial roles in releasing stress hormones like cortisol, adrenaline, and oxytocin. Therefore, the correct answer is the parathyroid gland, as it is not directly associated with the release of stress-related hormones.

3. What type of tissue forms the outer layer of the skin?

• A. Connective tissue
• B. Epithelial tissue
• C. Muscle tissue
• D. Nervous tissue

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Epithelial tissue is the correct answer. It forms the outer layer of the skin, serving as a protective barrier against pathogens and environmental damage. This tissue type is essential for maintaining skin integrity and plays a crucial role in skin function. Connective tissue (Choice A), although important for providing support and structure, does not form the outer layer of the skin. Muscle tissue (Choice C) is responsible for movement and is not the primary tissue in the skin. Nervous tissue (Choice D) is involved in transmitting signals but is not the main component of the skin's outer layer.

4. What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

• A. To produce hormones
• B. To transport oxygen and nutrients
• C. To fight infections
• D. To regulate body temperature

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The circulatory system's primary function is to transport oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells and remove waste products. Choice A is incorrect because hormone production is primarily carried out by endocrine glands. Choice C is incorrect as fighting infections is a role of the immune system. Choice D is incorrect as regulating body temperature is mainly controlled by the integumentary and nervous systems.

5. Which connective tissue type attaches muscles to bones?

• A. Ligaments
• B. Tendons
• C. Cartilage
• D. Fascia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Tendons are the correct answer. They are strong connective tissues that connect muscles to bones, allowing movement when muscles contract. Ligaments connect bones to other bones, providing joint stability. Cartilage is a firm, flexible connective tissue present in joints and the outer ear. Fascia is a connective tissue that surrounds muscles, blood vessels, and nerves, offering support and protection. Therefore, the correct tissue type that connects muscles to bones is tendons.

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