Nursing Elites

1. What does trypsin break down in the body?

• A. Fat
• B. Starch
• C. Proteins
• D. Nucleic acids

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Trypsin is an enzyme that specifically breaks down proteins into smaller peptides by hydrolyzing peptide bonds. It is a key enzyme involved in the digestion of proteins in the body, particularly in the small intestine where it helps in the final stages of protein digestion. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because trypsin does not break down fats, starch, or nucleic acids; its primary function is the digestion of proteins.

2. What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

• A. To absorb oxygen
• B. To transport nutrients
• C. To produce sound and speech
• D. To regulate blood pressure

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the respiratory system is to absorb oxygen from the air into the bloodstream and expel carbon dioxide from the body. This process is essential for cellular respiration and the production of energy in the body. Option A, 'To absorb oxygen,' aligns with this crucial function, making it the correct choice. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the primary function of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is not responsible for transporting nutrients (choice B), producing sound and speech (choice C), or regulating blood pressure (choice D).

3. What is the role of enzymes in the body?

• A. To produce energy
• B. To speed up chemical reactions
• C. To transport molecules
• D. To repair tissues

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate and speed up chemical reactions in the body. They do not produce energy but enable various processes such as digestion and metabolism by lowering the activation energy required for reactions to occur. Choice A is incorrect because enzymes do not produce energy themselves but assist in energy production through reactions. Choice C is incorrect as enzymes do not primarily function in transporting molecules, although some may have a role in specific transport processes. Choice D is incorrect as the primary role of enzymes is not to repair tissues, but rather to catalyze biochemical reactions.

4. What is the primary function of the nervous system?

• A. To transmit signals and coordinate body activities
• B. To fight infections
• C. To produce hormones
• D. To regulate body temperature

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the nervous system is to transmit signals and coordinate body activities. It controls and regulates body functions by sending and receiving signals between different parts of the body, enabling responses to internal and external stimuli. This intricate network allows for communication between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body, ultimately facilitating movement, sensation, thoughts, and various bodily functions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the primary function of the nervous system. Fighting infections is primarily the role of the immune system, producing hormones is the function of the endocrine system, and regulating body temperature involves mechanisms of thermoregulation within the body, not directly controlled by the nervous system.

5. What is true about caloric intake for the average person?

• A. It should increase with age.
• B. It should decline and then increase with age.
• C. It should decline with age.
• D. It should remain constant over a lifetime.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Caloric intake for the average person typically declines with age due to factors such as changes in metabolism, muscle mass, and physical activity levels. As people age, their metabolism tends to slow down, and they may also experience a decrease in muscle mass and physical activity, leading to a reduced need for calories. Option A is incorrect because caloric intake generally decreases rather than increases with age. Option B is incorrect as it suggests a fluctuation in caloric intake that is not typically seen. Option D is incorrect as caloric needs usually change over a person's lifetime due to various factors.

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