HESI A2
HESI A2 Chemistry
1. What are the 3 types of radiation in nuclear chemistry?
- A. Alpha, Beta, Delta
- B. Alpha, Beta, Gamma
- C. Gamma, Beta, Delta
- D. Delta, Beta, Gamma
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alpha, Beta, Gamma. In nuclear chemistry, the 3 types of radiation are alpha, beta, and gamma radiation. Alpha radiation consists of helium nuclei, beta radiation involves electrons or positrons, and gamma radiation is electromagnetic radiation of high frequency. Choice A is incorrect because 'Delta' is not a type of radiation in nuclear chemistry. Choice C is incorrect as it does not list alpha radiation. Choice D is incorrect as it lists the types in the wrong order and includes 'Delta' instead of alpha radiation.
2. Which substance causes a drop to rapidly turn litmus dye from blue to red?
- A. Milk
- B. Sea water
- C. Ammonia
- D. Lemon juice
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Lemon juice is the correct answer as it is acidic in nature. Acids like lemon juice release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water, which causes litmus dye to change color from blue to red. Milk (Choice A) is neutral, sea water (Choice B) is slightly alkaline, and ammonia (Choice C) is a base. Therefore, these substances do not cause litmus dye to change from blue to red.
3. What creates a dipole in a covalent bond?
- A. Unequal sharing of electrons
- B. Equal sharing of electrons
- C. Exchange of electrons
- D. Transfer of electrons
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A dipole is created in a covalent bond when there is an unequal sharing of electrons between the atoms involved. This results in a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other, leading to a separation of charges and the formation of a dipole. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because a dipole is specifically formed due to unequal sharing of electrons, not equal sharing, exchange, or transfer of electrons in a covalent bond.
4. What determines polarity in a molecule?
- A. Bond length
- B. Bond strength
- C. Electronegativity
- D. Molecular weight
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Polarity in a molecule is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the atoms forming the bond. The greater the difference in electronegativity, the more polar the bond and molecule become. This difference leads to an uneven distribution of electron density within the bond, creating partial positive and negative charges on the atoms involved. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Bond length and strength do not determine polarity, and molecular weight is not directly related to the polarity of a molecule.
5. What is the correct formula for iron III oxide?
- A. IO
- B. FeS
- C. Fe₂O₃
- D. OFe₂₃
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct formula for iron III oxide is Fe2O3. In this formula, Fe represents iron and O represents oxygen. Iron III oxide consists of two iron (Fe) ions combined with three oxygen (O) ions. Thus, the correct formula is Fe2O3. Choice A (IO) is incorrect as it does not represent the correct combination of iron and oxygen ions. Choice B (FeS) is incorrect as it represents iron sulfide, not iron III oxide. Choice D (OFe₂₃) is incorrect as it does not follow the correct chemical nomenclature for iron III oxide.
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