HESI A2
HESI A2 Vocabulary 2024
1. What is a nit?
- A. abscess
- B. parasite
- C. bandage
- D. infection
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A nit is a kind of parasite, specifically the egg of a louse. Nits are typically found attached to hair close to the scalp and are commonly associated with head lice infestations. Choice A, 'abscess,' is incorrect as an abscess is a collection of pus caused by an infection. Choice C, 'bandage,' is incorrect as it is a material used for covering wounds. Choice D, 'infection,' is incorrect as it refers to the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues.
2. Choose the meaning of the word 'contusions' in the following sentence: 'Contusions or scratches may be treated on-site.'
- A. Breaks
- B. Disorientation
- C. Bruises
- D. Abrasions
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Bruises.' In the context of the sentence provided, 'contusions' refers to injuries that cause discoloration or bruising of the skin without breaking the skin. The word 'contusions' is synonymous with bruises, not breaks (choice A), disorientation (choice B), or abrasions (choice D). Therefore, in the sentence, contusions or scratches are mentioned as potential injuries that may require treatment on-site.
3. A paroxysm is a sudden spasm. Another word for this might be
- A. Symptom
- B. Convulsion
- C. Efficacy
- D. Embolism
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Convulsion.' A paroxysm and a convulsion both refer to sudden, involuntary spasms. This makes 'Convulsion' the most suitable synonym. 'Symptom' (Choice A) refers to an indication of a condition but not a spasm. 'Efficacy' (Choice C) refers to the ability to produce a desired or intended result, unrelated to spasms. 'Embolism' (Choice D) refers to an obstruction in a blood vessel, not a sudden spasm.
4. Choose the meaning of the word inhibiting in the following sentence: 'This medication works by inhibiting the action of a certain enzyme.'
- A. Occupying
- B. Speeding
- C. Hindering
- D. Enhancing
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Inhibiting means to prevent, restrain, or impede. In the context of the sentence, inhibiting the action of a certain enzyme refers to hindering or slowing down the enzyme's activity. Choice A ('Occupying') is incorrect as inhibiting does not mean taking up space. Choice B ('Speeding') is incorrect as inhibiting does not mean to accelerate. Choice D ('Enhancing') is incorrect as inhibiting is the opposite of enhancing.
5. The bad smell made him __________.
- A. Gag
- B. Enjoy
- C. Remember
- D. Attach
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The bad smell would likely make him gag, which is a physical reaction to an unpleasant odor. Gagging is a common response to strong or foul smells as the body seeks to expel the offending odor. Enjoy, Remember, and Attach do not accurately reflect a likely reaction to a bad smell.
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