HESI LPN
HESI PN Nutrition Practice Exam
1. If a group of people consumes an amount of protein equal to the estimated average requirement for their population group, what percentage of people will receive insufficient amounts?
- A. 10
- B. 25
- C. 33
- D. 50
Correct answer: D
Rationale: If a group consumes an amount of protein equal to the estimated average requirement, 50% of the people will receive insufficient amounts. The estimated average requirement is the amount of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group. Therefore, 50% of the group will not be meeting their individual needs if they are consuming only the average requirement. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because at the estimated average requirement level, a higher percentage than those values will receive insufficient amounts.
2. What is an important aspect of care for a child with congenital adrenal hyperplasia?
- A. Monitoring electrolyte levels
- B. Restricting physical activity
- C. Administering high doses of vitamin A
- D. Providing a high-protein diet
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitoring electrolyte levels. In the management of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, it is crucial to monitor electrolyte levels to prevent imbalances and related complications. Restricting physical activity (choice B) is not a typical aspect of care for this condition. Administering high doses of vitamin A (choice C) is not a standard treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia and can be harmful in excess. Providing a high-protein diet (choice D) may be beneficial for some conditions but is not a specific requirement for managing congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
3. What is a common side effect of corticosteroid therapy in children?
- A. Increased appetite
- B. Decreased blood glucose levels
- C. Inhibited growth
- D. Mood changes
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased appetite. Corticosteroid therapy commonly causes increased appetite in children. This side effect can lead to weight gain and other metabolic changes. Option B is incorrect because corticosteroid therapy is more likely to result in increased blood glucose levels. Option C is incorrect because corticosteroid therapy can inhibit growth due to its impact on the endocrine system. Option D is incorrect because corticosteroid therapy can lead to mood changes such as irritability or even mood swings rather than improved mood.
4. Which medication is typically used for long-term control of asthma?
- A. Albuterol
- B. Theophylline
- C. Ipratropium
- D. Prednisone
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Theophylline. Theophylline is commonly used for long-term control of asthma by relaxing the muscles around the airways to keep them open, making breathing easier. Albuterol (choice A) is a short-acting bronchodilator for quick relief of asthma symptoms, not for long-term control. Ipratropium (choice C) is another short-acting bronchodilator that helps open the airways but is not typically used for long-term control. Prednisone (choice D) is a corticosteroid usually used for short periods to control asthma exacerbations or flare-ups, not as a long-term control medication.
5. What is the recommended daily intake of fiber for adults?
- A. 10 grams
- B. 15 grams
- C. 20 grams
- D. 25 grams
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The recommended daily intake of fiber for adults is 25 grams. Fiber plays a crucial role in maintaining digestive health, preventing constipation, and aiding in weight management. Options A (10 grams), B (15 grams), and C (20 grams) are incorrect as they are below the recommended daily intake of fiber for adults, which is 25 grams.
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