Nursing Elites

1. How should a healthcare provider address a child's nutritional needs with a lactose intolerance diagnosis?

• A. Recommend lactose-free dairy products
• B. Increase dairy intake
• C. Encourage high-fiber diet
• D. Use oral probiotics only

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In managing lactose intolerance in a child, recommending lactose-free dairy products is crucial. These products help address the child's nutritional needs without causing symptoms related to lactose consumption. Choice B is incorrect because increasing dairy intake would exacerbate symptoms in a lactose-intolerant individual as they cannot digest lactose properly. Choice C, encouraging a high-fiber diet, is not directly related to managing lactose intolerance and may not address the primary issue of lactose malabsorption. Choice D, using oral probiotics only, may not be sufficient to address the child's nutritional needs in case of lactose intolerance as the main concern is avoiding lactose-containing products.

2. Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in the body?

• A. They provide insulation and support for organs.
• B. They help regulate body temperature.
• C. They serve as the body's main structural components.
• D. They are the body's primary source of energy.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy, fueling daily activities and bodily functions. Choice A is incorrect because insulation and organ support are primarily provided by adipose tissue and structural proteins, not carbohydrates. Choice B is incorrect because the regulation of body temperature is mainly controlled by processes like sweating and shivering, not carbohydrates. Choice C is incorrect because structural components like proteins are responsible for building tissues and organs, not carbohydrates.

3. What is the first-line treatment for a child with a bacterial ear infection?

• A. Intravenous antibiotics
• B. Oral antibiotics
• C. Nasal decongestants
• D. Antihistamines

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oral antibiotics. Oral antibiotics are the first-line treatment for bacterial ear infections in children as they effectively target the infection at the source and help alleviate symptoms. Intravenous antibiotics (Choice A) are typically reserved for severe cases where oral antibiotics are not sufficient. Nasal decongestants (Choice C) and antihistamines (Choice D) are not the primary treatments for bacterial ear infections. Nasal decongestants are used for nasal congestion, and antihistamines are used for allergies. However, these medications do not directly address the bacterial infection in the ear, unlike oral antibiotics.

4. Following diarrhea, which foods should be offered to the school-age child?

• A. Apricots and peaches
• B. Chocolate milk
• C. Applesauce and milk
• D. Bananas and rice

Correct answer: D

Rationale: After a bout of diarrhea, it is important to offer foods that are gentle on the stomach and help in recovery. Bananas and rice are commonly recommended as they are easily digestible and can help firm up stools. Apricots, peaches, and applesauce may be too acidic and fibrous, potentially aggravating the stomach. Chocolate milk is high in sugar and can worsen diarrhea due to its lactose content.

5. How should pain be assessed in a nonverbal child?

• A. Ask the parents about the child’s usual behavior
• B. Observe the child’s facial expressions and body movements
• C. Measure the child’s blood pressure
• D. Use a pain rating scale for older children

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Observing the nonverbal child's facial expressions and body movements is crucial in assessing pain. Nonverbal children may not be able to communicate their discomfort verbally, making it essential to rely on physical cues. Asking parents about the child's usual behavior (choice A) may provide some insight but observing the child directly is more direct and reliable. Measuring blood pressure (choice C) is not typically a direct method for assessing pain in nonverbal children. Using a pain rating scale designed for older children (choice D) is also inappropriate for nonverbal children who cannot participate in such self-reporting tools.

Similar Questions