HESI LPN
HESI Fundamentals 2023 Test Bank
1. A nurse in a provider’s office is collecting data from the caregiver of a 12-month-old infant who asks if the child is old enough for toilet training. Following an educational session with the nurse, the client agrees to postpone toilet training until the child is older. Learning has occurred in which of the following domains?
- A. Cognitive
- B. Affective
- C. Psychomotor
- D. Kinesthetic
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Affective. The caregiver’s decision to postpone toilet training indicates a change in feelings or attitudes, which falls under the affective domain of learning. The affective domain relates to emotions, values, and attitudes. In this scenario, the caregiver's willingness to delay toilet training due to new information reflects a shift in attitude impacted by the educational session provided by the nurse. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. The cognitive (choice A) domain involves intellectual skills and knowledge, the psychomotor (choice C) domain involves physical skills, and kinesthetic (choice D) is often used interchangeably with the psychomotor domain, which focuses on physical movement and coordination.
2. A middle-aged adult in a clinical setting mentions being at average risk for colon cancer and asks about routine screening. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Performing a blood sample for a screening test.
- B. Scheduling a colonoscopy starting at age 60.
- C. Undergoing a fecal occult blood test annually.
- D. Having a sigmoidoscopy every 10 years.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Colorectal cancer screening for individuals at average risk typically begins at age 50. One of the recommended options for routine screening is a fecal occult blood test done annually. Choice A is incorrect as blood samples are not used for routine colorectal cancer screening. Choice B is incorrect because colonoscopies usually start at age 50, not 60. Choice D is incorrect as sigmoidoscopies are recommended every 5 years, not every 10 years, for individuals at average risk for colon cancer.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and has signs of hemorrhagic shock. When the nurse notifies the surgeon, he directs her to continue to measure the client's vitals every 15 minutes and call him back in 1 hour. From a legal perspective, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
- A. Notify the nursing manager.
- B. Document the client's condition and communication with the surgeon.
- C. Administer additional fluids as per standard procedure.
- D. Call the surgeon back immediately to ensure timely intervention.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should choose option B, which is to document the client's condition and communication with the surgeon. By documenting the client's condition and the communication with the surgeon, the nurse ensures legal protection and maintains continuity of care. This documentation serves as evidence of the actions taken, communication exchanged, and the rationale behind decisions made. Option A, notifying the nursing manager, may not be necessary at this stage unless there are specific institutional protocols requiring it. Administering additional fluids without further clarification may not be appropriate and could worsen the client's condition if not indicated. Calling the surgeon back immediately (option D) may disrupt the agreed-upon plan of action and fail to follow the surgeon's instructions of reassessment after an hour.
4. How can self-injury be prevented when lifting a bedside cabinet?
- A. Standing close to the cabinet when lifting.
- B. Bending at the waist when lifting.
- C. Twisting while lifting to balance the load.
- D. Lifting with a quick motion.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct way to prevent self-injury when lifting a bedside cabinet is by standing close to the cabinet. By standing close, the individual can maintain better control and balance while lifting, reducing the risk of injury. Bending at the waist when lifting (choice B) can strain the back and lead to injury. Twisting while lifting (choice C) can also cause strain and imbalance. Lifting with a quick motion (choice D) can increase the risk of injury due to lack of control and improper body mechanics.
5. A nurse is teaching the parents of a toddler about discipline. Which of the following actions should the nurse suggest?
- A. Establish consistent boundaries for the toddler.
- B. Place the toddler in a room with the door closed.
- C. Inform the toddler how you feel when he misbehaves.
- D. Use a favorite snack to reward the toddler.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to establish consistent boundaries for the toddler. This approach helps toddlers understand expectations and promotes consistent behavior. Placing the toddler alone or using food rewards may not effectively teach discipline and could be inappropriate. Informing the toddler about feelings when misbehaving may not be developmentally appropriate for a toddler to understand the consequences of their actions.
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