HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI Test Bank
1. The healthcare provider is admitting a child with a Wilms tumor. Which is the initial assessment finding associated with this tumor?
- A. abdominal swelling
- B. weight gain
- C. hypotension
- D. increased urinary output
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Abdominal swelling is a classic presentation and often the first noticeable sign of a Wilms tumor. This occurs due to the tumor mass in the kidney, leading to abdominal distension. Weight gain (Choice B) is less likely as a presenting symptom compared to abdominal swelling. Hypotension (Choice C) is not typically associated with a Wilms tumor unless complications like bleeding or shock occur. Increased urinary output (Choice D) is not a typical finding for Wilms tumor; instead, patients may present with hematuria or urinary symptoms.
2. A healthcare professional is teaching a class of new parents about how to position their infants during the first few weeks of life. Which position is safest?
- A. On the back, lying flat
- B. On either side, lying flat
- C. Head slightly elevated on the left side
- D. Head slightly elevated on the right side
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'On the back, lying flat.' Placing infants on their back to sleep is recommended to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This position promotes safe sleep practices and helps prevent accidental suffocation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as placing infants on their side or with the head slightly elevated may increase the risk of breathing difficulties or other hazards during sleep.
3. A 3-year-old child has a sudden onset of respiratory distress. The mother denies any recent illnesses or fever. You should suspect
- A. croup
- B. epiglottitis
- C. lower respiratory infection
- D. foreign body airway obstruction
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In a 3-year-old child presenting with sudden respiratory distress without fever or recent illness, the most likely cause is a foreign body airway obstruction. Foreign body airway obstruction can lead to a sudden onset of respiratory distress as it blocks the air passage. Croup typically presents with a barking cough and stridor, often preceded by a viral illness. Epiglottitis is characterized by high fever, drooling, and a muffled voice. Lower respiratory infections usually present with symptoms such as cough, fever, and chest congestion. Therefore, in this case, the absence of recent illness or fever makes foreign body airway obstruction the most likely cause of the respiratory distress.
4. A 6-year-old child with a diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is being discharged. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
- A. Encourage participation in physical activity
- B. Provide a high-calorie diet
- C. Provide a low-sodium diet
- D. Administer intravenous fluids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging regular physical activity is essential in managing symptoms and improving joint function in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Physical activity helps maintain joint mobility, muscle strength, and overall function. Providing a high-calorie diet may not be necessary unless there are specific concerns about the child's nutritional status. A low-sodium diet is not typically a priority in the management of JIA unless the child has comorbid conditions requiring sodium restriction. Administering intravenous fluids is not a standard discharge teaching for JIA unless there are specific medical indications necessitating it.
5. When explaining exercise in type 1 diabetes to the parents of a newly diagnosed child, what should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Exercise will increase blood glucose levels
- B. Exercise should be restricted
- C. Extra snacks are needed before exercise
- D. Extra insulin is required during exercise
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In children with type 1 diabetes, it is essential to emphasize the need for extra snacks before exercise to prevent hypoglycemia. Choice A is incorrect because exercise typically lowers blood glucose levels, not increases them. Choice B is inappropriate as exercise is beneficial but needs to be managed carefully. Choice D is inaccurate as extra insulin during exercise can lead to hypoglycemia.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
HESI LPN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
HESI LPN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $149.99