HESI LPN
Nutrition Final Exam Quizlet
1. What is the primary intervention for a child experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure?
- A. Administer intravenous fluids
- B. Place the child in a prone position
- C. Protect the child from injury
- D. Perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The primary intervention for a child experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure is to protect them from injury. Placing the child in a prone position can be dangerous as it may lead to further harm due to the risk of aspiration or airway obstruction. Administering intravenous fluids is not recommended during a seizure. Performing mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is also not indicated as the child will resume breathing spontaneously after the seizure stops. Ensuring the child's safety and preventing injury by removing harmful objects and cushioning their head is essential until the seizure subsides.
2. In what units are energy measurements expressed by most scientists and nutritionists outside the United States?
- A. newtons
- B. liters
- C. kilojoules
- D. kilocalories
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Kilojoules are the standard units of energy used by most scientists and nutritionists worldwide. Newtons are units of force, liters are units of volume, and kilocalories are more commonly used in the United States but not as widely adopted internationally for energy measurements. Therefore, the correct answer is 'kilojoules.'
3. What is one benefit of using controls in an experiment?
- A. The size of the groups does not matter.
- B. The subjects are unaware of the experiment's details.
- C. The subjects who are treated are balanced against the placebos.
- D. The subjects are similar in all respects except for the treatment being tested.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Controls in an experiment ensure that the subjects are similar in all respects except for the treatment being tested. This allows for a fair comparison between the treatment group and the control group. Choice A is incorrect because the size of the groups is not the primary benefit of using controls. Choice B is incorrect as blinding, not controls, refers to subjects not knowing about the experiment. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains more to randomization than the use of controls.
4. What is the primary goal in managing a child with chronic asthma?
- A. Achieve and maintain symptom control
- B. Avoid all physical activity
- C. Increase dietary sodium
- D. Restrict medication use
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The primary goal in managing a child with chronic asthma is to achieve and maintain symptom control. This helps improve the child's quality of life by reducing asthma symptoms and exacerbations. Choice B is incorrect because avoiding all physical activity is not recommended for children with asthma; in fact, regular physical activity can be beneficial. Choice C is incorrect as increasing dietary sodium is not a primary goal in managing asthma. Choice D is incorrect because restricting medication use can lead to uncontrolled asthma symptoms and complications.
5. How should one manage a child with an allergy to multiple food items?
- A. Avoid all identified allergens
- B. Increase dietary exposure to allergens
- C. Administer daily antihistamines
- D. Restrict all food intake
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When managing a child with an allergy to multiple food items, the most appropriate approach is to avoid all identified allergens. This is crucial to prevent allergic reactions and ensure the child's safety. Choice B, increasing dietary exposure to allergens, is incorrect as it can lead to severe allergic reactions. Choice C, administering daily antihistamines, may help manage symptoms but does not address the root cause, which is avoiding allergens. Choice D, restricting all food intake, is not a viable option as it can lead to malnutrition and other health issues.
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