HESI LPN
Nutrition Final Exam Quizlet
1. What is an important aspect of managing a child with chronic kidney disease?
- A. Monitoring electrolyte levels
- B. Increasing protein intake
- C. Limiting fluid intake
- D. Encouraging a high-fat diet
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial in managing chronic kidney disease in children because imbalances can lead to serious complications. Electrolyte levels must be carefully monitored to prevent issues such as electrolyte abnormalities, which can further impact kidney function and overall health. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because increasing protein intake, limiting fluid intake, and encouraging a high-fat diet can exacerbate kidney disease in children by putting extra strain on their kidneys or causing other health problems.
2. How should a healthcare provider approach the care of a child with a suspected fracture?
- A. Immobilize the affected limb and seek medical evaluation
- B. Apply heat to the injury
- C. Allow the child to continue normal activity
- D. Administer over-the-counter pain relief only
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a child is suspected to have a fracture, it is essential to immobilize the affected limb to prevent further injury. Seeking immediate medical evaluation is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Applying heat to a suspected fracture can worsen the condition by increasing swelling and pain. Allowing the child to continue normal activity can lead to further damage. Administering only over-the-counter pain relief is insufficient and does not address the need for immobilization and professional evaluation.
3. Which statement best describes the relationship between diet and chronic diseases?
- A. Diet has no impact on chronic diseases.
- B. A poor diet can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases.
- C. Diet is the sole cause of chronic diseases.
- D. A balanced diet can help prevent or manage chronic diseases.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is the correct answer. A poor diet can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases due to the lack of essential nutrients or the presence of harmful components like excessive sugar, salt, or saturated fats. While diet plays a significant role in the development of chronic diseases, it is not the sole cause (choice C). Choice A is incorrect because diet does indeed have a significant impact on chronic diseases. Choice D is not the best answer as it does not acknowledge the negative impact of a poor diet on chronic diseases.
4. In what units are energy measurements expressed by most scientists and nutritionists outside the United States?
- A. newtons
- B. liters
- C. kilojoules
- D. kilocalories
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Kilojoules are the standard units of energy used by most scientists and nutritionists worldwide. Newtons are units of force, liters are units of volume, and kilocalories are more commonly used in the United States but not as widely adopted internationally for energy measurements. Therefore, the correct answer is 'kilojoules.'
5. What is a key intervention for a child with a new diagnosis of asthma?
- A. Provide a peak flow meter
- B. Limit all physical activity
- C. Increase dairy consumption
- D. Recommend frequent use of nasal decongestants
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide a peak flow meter. Providing a peak flow meter is crucial for a child with a new diagnosis of asthma as it helps monitor asthma control and manage symptoms by tracking changes in airflow. This device assists in assessing how well the lungs are functioning and guides treatment decisions. Limiting all physical activity (choice B) is not recommended as regular exercise can actually help improve lung function in asthmatic children. Increasing dairy consumption (choice C) is not a key intervention for asthma, and recommending frequent use of nasal decongestants (choice D) is not suitable for asthma management in children.
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