HESI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing HESI
1. A healthcare provider is providing discharge teaching to a client who does not speak the same language. Which of the following actions should the healthcare provider take?
- A. Use proper medical terms when providing instructions to the client.
- B. Offer written instructions in the client’s language.
- C. Direct verbal discharge instructions to the interpreter.
- D. Request that an assistive personnel interpret instructions for the client.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the healthcare provider when providing discharge teaching to a client who does not speak the same language is to offer written instructions in the client’s language. This approach helps ensure better comprehension and adherence to the instructions as the client can refer back to the written material for clarification. Choice A is incorrect because using proper medical terms may not be effective if the client does not understand the language. Choice C is incorrect since verbal instructions should be directed to the client for better understanding. Choice D is incorrect as assistive personnel may not be qualified or trained to provide accurate interpretation, risking miscommunication and potential errors in the instructions.
2. A nurse in a long-term care facility is planning to perform hygiene care for a new resident. Which of the following assessment questions is the nurse's priority before beginning this procedure?
- A. When do you usually bathe, in the morning or evening?
- B. Do you prefer a bath or a shower?
- C. At what temperature do you prefer your bath water?
- D. Are you able to help with your hygiene care?
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The priority assessment question before beginning hygiene care for a new resident is determining if the resident is able to help with their hygiene care. This is essential to ensure the resident's safety during the procedure and prevent any potential injuries. Options A, B, and C, while relevant to providing personalized care, are not as critical as assessing the resident's ability to participate in their own hygiene care. Asking about the resident's ability to assist also promotes their independence and autonomy in self-care activities.
3. A healthcare professional is reviewing a client's medication prescription, which reads, 'digoxin 0.25 by mouth every day.' Which of the following components of the prescription should the healthcare professional question?
- A. the medication
- B. the route
- C. the dose
- D. the frequency
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The healthcare professional should question the dose indicated in the prescription. In this case, '0.25' is incomplete without a unit of measurement, such as mg (milligrams). Without a specified unit, the dose lacks the necessary information for accurate administration. Choices A, B, and D are not incorrect components to question in medication prescriptions; however, in this scenario, the incompleteness of the dose is the most critical concern that needs clarification to ensure safe and effective medication administration.
4. A client recovering from lung cancer is advised to resume lower-intensity activities of daily living. Which of the following activities should the nurse recommend to the client?
- A. Washing dishes
- B. Mowing the lawn
- C. Carrying heavy groceries
- D. Gardening
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Washing dishes. Washing dishes is a lower-intensity activity that is suitable for a client recovering from lung cancer. This activity does not require significant physical exertion and allows the client to engage in a manageable task while still following the provider's instructions for lower-intensity activities. Choices B, C, and D involve more physical effort and may not be appropriate for a client recovering from lung cancer, as they require more energy and physical strain, which could hinder the recovery process.
5. The healthcare provider is assessing a client with suspected tuberculosis. Which symptom would be most concerning?
- A. Night sweats
- B. Weight loss
- C. Cough with bloody sputum
- D. Fatigue
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Cough with bloody sputum is a hallmark symptom of tuberculosis and is highly concerning as it indicates active disease. Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) is associated with tuberculosis infection in the lungs. While night sweats and weight loss are common symptoms of tuberculosis, they are less specific than coughing with bloody sputum. Fatigue is a nonspecific symptom that can be present in various conditions and is not specific to tuberculosis.
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