HESI LPN
Leadership and Management HESI Test Bank
1. A nurse enters the hallway and discovers a visitor looking at a client's medical information on a computer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Inform the care nurse that a visitor viewed a client's protected health information.
- B. Close the documentation program on the computer.
- C. Inform the visitor that the client's records are confidential.
- D. Find out which staff member left the documentation program on the screen.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take is to close the documentation program on the computer to prevent further unauthorized access to the client's medical information. Choice A is incorrect because the immediate concern is to secure the information first. Choice C, while important, can be addressed after securing the information. Choice D, finding out which staff member left the program open, is not the immediate priority when patient confidentiality is at risk.
2. Select the types of pain that are accurately coupled with an example of it. Select all that are correct.
- A. Radicular pain: Pain shooting down the leg from a herniated disc
- B. Central neuropathic pain: Pain from nerve damage after a stroke
- C. Peripheral neuropathic pain: Pain from diabetic neuropathy in the feet
- D. Chronic pain: Pain lasting for more than 3-6 months
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because chronic pain is characterized by lasting for a prolonged period, typically more than 3-6 months, and is not necessarily related to acute injuries like a stab wound to the chest. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately match the type of pain with its corresponding example. Radicular pain is pain that radiates along the nerve path, often from a pinched nerve or herniated disc, not a broken bone. Central neuropathic pain arises from damage to the central nervous system, such as after a stroke, not a leg injury. Peripheral neuropathic pain is caused by damage to the peripheral nerves, such as in diabetic neuropathy, not a fractured leg bone.
3. Select the cranial nerve that is accurately paired with its name.
- A. The fourth cranial nerve: The trochlear nerve
- B. The twelfth cranial nerve: The hypoglossal nerve
- C. The tenth cranial nerve: The olfactory nerve
- D. The thirteenth cranial nerve: The auditory nerve
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The twelfth cranial nerve is the hypoglossal nerve, which controls the muscles of the tongue. The other choices are incorrect because the trochlear nerve is the fourth cranial nerve responsible for eye movement, the olfactory nerve is the first cranial nerve responsible for the sense of smell, and there are only twelve cranial nerves, so there is no thirteenth cranial nerve.
4. Your long-term care patient has chronic pain and at this point in time, the patient needs increasing dosages to adequately control this pain. What is this patient most likely affected by?
- A. Drug addiction
- B. Drug interactions
- C. Drug side effects
- D. Drug tolerance
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drug tolerance. When a patient needs increasing dosages to achieve the same pain relief, it indicates the development of drug tolerance. This means the body has adapted to the drug, requiring higher doses to produce the same effect. Choice A, drug addiction, is incorrect because drug addiction involves a psychological and physical dependence on the drug, which is not described in the scenario. Choice B, drug interactions, is incorrect as it refers to the effects when multiple drugs interact with each other, not the situation described. Choice C, drug side effects, is also incorrect as it pertains to the unintended effects of a drug, not the need for higher doses to control pain.
5. You are caring for a neonate who has a cleft palate. You should inform the mother that surgical correction will be done when the infant is:
- A. 8 to 12 months of age.
- B. 20 to 24 months of age.
- C. 16 to 20 months of age.
- D. 12 to 16 months of age.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 8 to 12 months of age. Surgical correction for a cleft palate is typically performed around this age to optimize speech development and prevent feeding difficulties. Options B, C, and D suggest later ages for surgery, which may lead to speech and feeding issues due to the delay in correction.
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