HESI LPN
Leadership and Management HESI Test Bank
1. A nurse is providing an in-service about client rights for a group of nurses. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the service?
- A. A nurse can disclose information to a family member with the client's permission
- B. A nurse can apply restraints on an as-needed basis
- C. A nurse can administer medications without consent to a client as part of a research study
- D. A nurse is responsible for informing clients about treatment options
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement to include in the in-service about client rights is that a nurse can disclose information to a family member with the client's permission. This respects the client's autonomy and privacy. Choice B is incorrect because restraints should only be applied based on a specific assessment and order, not on an as-needed basis. Choice C is incorrect as administering medications without consent is a violation of ethical principles and legal standards. Choice D is incorrect because while nurses should educate clients about treatment options, the ultimate decision lies with the client after being informed.
2. Which of the following is something a new model for health care in the future should include?
- A. Community-centered care
- B. Care that encourages a healthy environment
- C. Accessible care that is affordable for most
- D. A focus on local health concerns
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a new model for health care in the future should focus on promoting a healthy environment. This includes initiatives such as green buildings and reducing pollution to improve overall health outcomes. Choice A, community-centered care, is important but not the primary focus when considering the future of healthcare. Choice C, accessible and affordable care, is crucial but does not directly address the need for a healthy environment. Choice D, a focus on local health concerns, is relevant but not as comprehensive as promoting a healthy environment in shaping the future of healthcare.
3. Which of the following best describes cultural competence in healthcare?
- A. Ignoring cultural differences
- B. Understanding and respecting cultural differences
- C. Enforcing cultural norms
- D. Focusing solely on medical knowledge
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Cultural competence in healthcare involves understanding and respecting cultural differences to provide effective and respectful care to patients from diverse backgrounds. Choice A is incorrect as ignoring cultural differences goes against the principles of cultural competence. Choice C is wrong because enforcing cultural norms can be culturally insensitive and may not align with the patient's beliefs. Choice D is also incorrect as cultural competence encompasses more than just medical knowledge, including communication, empathy, and awareness of cultural factors.
4. Select the cranial nerve that is accurately paired with its name.
- A. The fourth cranial nerve: The trochlear nerve
- B. The twelfth cranial nerve: The hypoglossal nerve
- C. The tenth cranial nerve: The olfactory nerve
- D. The thirteenth cranial nerve: The auditory nerve
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The twelfth cranial nerve is the hypoglossal nerve, which controls the muscles of the tongue. The other choices are incorrect because the trochlear nerve is the fourth cranial nerve responsible for eye movement, the olfactory nerve is the first cranial nerve responsible for the sense of smell, and there are only twelve cranial nerves, so there is no thirteenth cranial nerve.
5. What are the fine, down-like hairs on the newborn's ears, shoulders, lower back, and/or forehead known as?
- A. Vernix.
- B. Lanugo.
- C. Milia.
- D. Vibrissae.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Lanugo is the term used to describe the fine, down-like hairs found on a newborn's ears, shoulders, lower back, and/or forehead. These hairs are different from vernix, which is a waxy or cheese-like white substance covering the skin of newborns. Milia are small, white, or yellowish cysts that commonly appear on a newborn's face, while vibrissae are the thick, stiff hairs commonly found around the nose and other parts of the face.
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