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Community Health HESI Study Guide
1. The delivery of basic health services was decentralized to the local government units. The legal basis for this is embodied in:
- A. RA 7035
- B. EO 119
- C. RA 7160
- D. PD 999
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, RA 7160. This law, also known as the Local Government Code, decentralizes health services to local government units. RA 7035 is not the legal basis for decentralizing basic health services. EO 119 and PD 999 are also not the correct legal bases for the decentralization of health services.
2. What does the term 'vital statistics' refer to?
- A. The systematic study of vital events such as births, illnesses, marriages, divorce, separation, and deaths
- B. Morbidity
- C. Statistics
- D. Mortality
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The term 'vital statistics' specifically refers to the systematic study of vital events, including births, illnesses, marriages, divorces, separations, and deaths. This field focuses on quantifying and analyzing these essential life events within a population. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while they may be related to data collection and analysis, they do not encompass the broad spectrum of vital events covered under the term 'vital statistics.' Morbidity refers to the prevalence of a specific illness or disease within a population, statistics is a more general term for numerical data analysis, and mortality specifically pertains to deaths within a population.
3. Joseph, 45 years of age, a community resident of Barangay 22-A, suddenly had 2 bouts of soft to almost watery stools after having taken his lunch. While observing his condition further at home and later deciding whether to refer him for medical treatment, you recommended that he boil a decoction for 15 minutes at low fire using 10-15 leaves of which medicinal plant?
- A. Bayabas
- B. Pancit pacitan
- C. Sambong
- D. Lagundi
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Bayabas (guava) leaves. Guava leaves are known for their anti-diarrheal properties, which can help alleviate Joseph's condition. Pancit pacitan, Sambong, and Lagundi are not commonly used for treating diarrhea and do not possess the same anti-diarrheal properties as guava leaves.
4. True or False: Vertical transmission is the disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Vertical transmission is the transfer of a disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth. This process can lead to the baby acquiring infections or diseases from the mother. Choice A is correct because it accurately describes vertical transmission. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the definition of vertical transmission.
5. You organize community groups to participate in community activities. You can BEST motivate participation in the community health development program by:
- A. Conducting group work
- B. Instructing the people to agree with your plans
- C. Allowing the people to exercise decision-making
- D. Assigning people participative roles
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Allowing people to exercise decision-making is the best way to motivate participation in community activities. By involving the community in decision-making processes, you empower them and make them feel valued, which can lead to increased engagement and commitment. Choices A, B, and D do not foster a sense of ownership and empowerment among the community members, which are crucial for sustainable participation in community programs.
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