Nursing Elites

1. What is the recommended daily intake of fiber for adults?

• A. 10 grams
• B. 15 grams
• C. 20 grams
• D. 25 grams

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The recommended daily intake of fiber for adults is 25 grams. Fiber plays a crucial role in maintaining digestive health, preventing constipation, and aiding in weight management. Options A (10 grams), B (15 grams), and C (20 grams) are incorrect as they are below the recommended daily intake of fiber for adults, which is 25 grams.

2. How is gastroesophageal reflux (GER) typically treated in infants?

• A. Keeping the infant NPO
• B. Thickening the formula or breast milk with cereal
• C. Placing the infant to sleep on the side
• D. Switching the infant to cow's milk

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Thickening the formula or breast milk with cereal is a common treatment for gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in infants. By adding cereal, the feedings become heavier, making it less likely for the stomach contents to reflux. Keeping the infant NPO (nothing by mouth) is not typically necessary for GER treatment and might not be appropriate. Placing the infant to sleep on the side is not recommended due to the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Switching the infant to cow's milk is also not a recommended treatment for GER as it can exacerbate symptoms due to its protein content.

3. What is a key sign of meningitis in an infant?

• A. Increased appetite
• B. Bulging fontanel
• C. Decreased respiratory rate
• D. Elevated blood pressure

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A bulging fontanel is a key sign of meningitis in infants, indicating increased intracranial pressure due to inflammation of the meninges. This can lead to the fontanel bulging. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increased appetite is not typically associated with meningitis in infants; instead, they may have poor feeding. A decreased respiratory rate is not a common sign of meningitis in infants. Elevated blood pressure is also not a typical finding in infants with meningitis.

4. How should a healthcare provider approach the care of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?

• A. Promote weight maintenance
• B. Encourage joint mobility exercises
• C. Avoid physical inactivity
• D. Ensure a balanced diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Encouraging joint mobility exercises is the appropriate approach to caring for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). These exercises help maintain joint function and reduce stiffness, which are crucial in managing the condition. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Promoting weight maintenance is more relevant than weight gain as maintaining a healthy weight is important in managing JIA. Avoiding physical inactivity is not recommended as controlled and appropriate physical activities can help improve joint flexibility and overall health. Ensuring a balanced diet, which includes adequate protein, is important for overall nutrition but is not a specific intervention for managing JIA.

5. What role do fats play in the human body?

• A. They provide a concentrated source of energy.
• B. They are the building blocks of enzymes and hormones.
• C. They are essential for brain function and development.
• D. They aid in the digestion of food.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Fats play various essential roles in the human body, one of which is aiding in the digestion of food. While fats do provide a concentrated source of energy, the primary source is carbohydrates. Proteins are the building blocks of enzymes and hormones, not fats. Essential fatty acids found in fats are vital for brain function and development, but this is not the primary role of fats in the body.

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