HESI A2
Vocabulary HESI A2
1. A blood vessel that is distended is ___________.
- A. overturned
- B. swollen
- C. twisted
- D. overlong
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A blood vessel that is distended is swollen. Distention refers to the state of being stretched beyond normal limits, which can cause the blood vessel to expand and swell. The term 'distended' is often used to describe blood vessels that are enlarged or swollen due to various reasons such as increased blood pressure or blockages. Choice A, 'overturned,' does not relate to the enlargement or swelling of a blood vessel. Choice C, 'twisted,' describes a different condition where the blood vessel is coiled or rotated, not necessarily enlarged. Choice D, 'overlong,' does not accurately describe the state of a distended blood vessel; instead, it implies excessive length rather than enlargement.
2. What are the soft spots on the head of a newborn called?
- A. Fistula
- B. Fontanel
- C. Follicle
- D. Fissure
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fontanel. Fontanels are spaces between the bones of a newborn's skull that allow for brain growth and development. The term 'fistula' (choice A) refers to an abnormal passageway between two organs or between an organ and the body surface, not related to newborn soft spots. 'Follicle' (choice C) is a structure in the skin that contains the hair root, not related to the skull. 'Fissure' (choice D) refers to a narrow opening or crack, which is not the term used for the soft spots on a newborn's head.
3. The new mother wanted to use cloth diapers rather than disposables.
- A. Close
- B. Clothing
- C. Cloth
- D. Clothes
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct choice is C. Cloth because in the sentence, the new mother expressed a preference for using cloth diapers over disposables. 'Cloth' refers to a type of diaper material, and it makes sense in the context of the sentence. Choice A, 'Close,' is incorrect as it does not relate to the type of diapers being discussed. Choice B, 'Clothing,' is incorrect as it refers to garments worn on the body, not diapers. Choice D, 'Clothes,' is also incorrect as it is used for general garments, not specific to diapers.
4. What is the best description for the term anodyne?
- A. Emulsified
- B. Liquefied
- C. Contaminated
- D. Painkilling
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The term 'anodyne' refers to something that relieves or alleviates pain or discomfort. Therefore, the best description for anodyne is 'painkilling.' Choices A (Emulsified), B (Liquefied), and C (Contaminated) are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the meaning of anodyne.
5. Choose the meaning of the word projected in the following sentence: 'Treatment is projected to last three months or more.'
- A. Protruded
- B. Guaranteed
- C. Estimated
- D. Alleged
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In this context, 'projected' is used to indicate an estimation or prediction of the duration of the treatment. Therefore, it aligns closest in meaning to 'estimated.' Choice A, 'Protruded,' means to extend beyond or above a surface, which does not fit the context of the sentence. Choice B, 'Guaranteed,' means to provide assurance, which is not the intended meaning in the sentence. Choice D, 'Alleged,' means to claim without proof, which is not the correct interpretation in this context.
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