Nursing Elites

1. Which technique or method is used to determine whether or not the patient has an irregular pulse?

• A. Apical pulse
• B. Inspection
• C. Auscultation
• D. Percussion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: An apical pulse check is used to determine if the patient has an irregular pulse. The apical pulse is located at the point of maximal impulse (PMI) and is assessed using a stethoscope. Choice B, inspection, involves visual examination and is not used to assess pulse irregularities. Choice C, auscultation, involves listening to internal sounds using a stethoscope, which can be used to assess heart sounds but not specifically for pulse irregularities. Choice D, percussion, is a technique used to assess the density of body tissues or detect abnormal masses and is not used to determine pulse irregularities.

2. A nurse manager is leading a discussion about ethical dilemmas. Which of the following situations should the nurse manager include as an example of an ethical dilemma?

• A. A visitor experiences a minor burn after spilling coffee
• B. A client receives an operation on the wrong side of her body
• C. A parent wants her 14-year-old adolescent to receive radiation treatment against his will
• D. A nurse witnesses another nurse administer an incorrect medication

Correct answer: C

Rationale: An ethical dilemma involves a situation where moral principles conflict, such as in the case of a parent wanting their adolescent to receive treatment against their will. In option A, a minor burn from spilled coffee does not present a conflict of moral principles. Option B describes a medical error, not necessarily a conflict of moral principles. Option D involves an issue of professional practice and patient safety but does not inherently pose a conflict of moral principles.

3. What is the expected date of delivery for a woman whose last menstrual period was on April 20th?

• A. January 20th
• B. January 27th
• C. January 29th
• D. January 31st

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The expected date of delivery is calculated by adding 9 months and 7 days to the last menstrual period. For April 20th, the expected date is January 27th. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Choice A, January 20th, is incorrect as it does not account for the additional 7 days. Choice C, January 29th, and Choice D, January 31st, are also incorrect as they do not consider the standard calculation method for estimating the due date.

4. How many calories per kilogram does an average full-term infant require when the infant is around 1-2 months old?

• A. 140 calories per kilogram per day
• B. 120 calories per kilogram per day
• C. 100 calories per kilogram per day
• D. 160 calories per kilogram per day

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An average full-term infant requires about 120 calories per kilogram per day at 1-2 months old. This amount is essential for their growth and development during this critical stage. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they provide calorie amounts that are either too high or too low for an average full-term infant at 1-2 months old, which could potentially lead to health issues or inadequate nutrition.

5. A nurse enters the hallway and discovers a visitor looking at a client's medical information on a computer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

• A. Inform the care nurse that a visitor viewed a client's protected health information.
• B. Close the documentation program on the computer.
• C. Inform the visitor that the client's records are confidential.
• D. Find out which staff member left the documentation program on the screen.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take is to close the documentation program on the computer to prevent further unauthorized access to the client's medical information. Choice A is incorrect because the immediate concern is to secure the information first. Choice C, while important, can be addressed after securing the information. Choice D, finding out which staff member left the program open, is not the immediate priority when patient confidentiality is at risk.

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