HESI LPN
HESI Leadership and Management Quizlet
1. Which of the following is the best argument for lower patient-to-nurse ratio?
- A. The more patients a nurse has, the better the nurse will be at catching early warning signs.
- B. Greater patient-to-nurse ratios decrease patient mortality.
- C. Adequate nurse levels do not impact the prevalence of urinary tract infections.
- D. Community nursing ratios do not impact Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) rates.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The best argument for lower patient-to-nurse ratios is that they decrease patient mortality. Choice A is incorrect because having more patients can lead to increased workload and decreased attention per patient. Choice C is incorrect as adequate nurse levels can indeed impact the prevalence of infections. Choice D is incorrect as community nursing ratios can impact MRSA rates due to potential transmission risks in healthcare settings.
2. A clinical instructor teaches a class for the public about diabetes mellitus. Which individual does the nurse assess as being at highest risk for developing diabetes?
- A. The 50-year-old client who does not engage in any physical exercise
- B. The 56-year-old client who drinks three glasses of wine daily
- C. The 42-year-old client who is 50 pounds overweight
- D. The 38-year-old client who smokes one pack of cigarettes daily
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The 42-year-old client who is 50 pounds overweight is at the highest risk for developing diabetes. Excess weight is a significant risk factor for diabetes as it can lead to insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities. Choices A, B, and D are also risk factors for diabetes, but being overweight has a stronger association with the development of the condition compared to lack of exercise, excessive alcohol consumption, or smoking.
3. What are the six levels of consciousness from the most to the least responsive level of consciousness? Number all six using 1 as the most conscious and 6 as the least conscious.
- A. Obtunded, Confused, Lethargic, Comatose, Stuporous, Alert
- B. Confused, Lethargic, Obtunded, Stuporous, Comatose, Alert
- C. Lethargic, Obtunded, Confused, Stuporous, Comatose, Alert
- D. Alert, Confused, Lethargic, Obtunded, Stuporous, Comatose
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct order of the six levels of consciousness from most to least responsive is Alert, Confused, Lethargic, Obtunded, Stuporous, Comatose. Choice A is incorrect because it starts with Obtunded, which is less responsive than Alert. Choice B is incorrect as it doesn't follow the correct order. Choice C is incorrect as Lethargic is more responsive than Obtunded. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
4. What is the purpose of a healthcare audit?
- A. To increase paperwork
- B. To assess and improve quality of care
- C. To reduce patient satisfaction
- D. To limit healthcare services
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To assess and improve quality of care.' Healthcare audits are conducted to evaluate the quality and efficiency of healthcare services provided. Choice A, 'To increase paperwork,' is incorrect as audits aim to streamline processes and reduce unnecessary paperwork. Choice C, 'To reduce patient satisfaction,' is incorrect as audits are meant to identify areas for improvement to enhance patient satisfaction. Choice D, 'To limit healthcare services,' is also incorrect as audits help in optimizing healthcare services rather than limiting them.
5. What is the primary goal of public health?
- A. To focus on individual patient care
- B. To improve the health of populations
- C. To reduce healthcare costs
- D. To increase hospital admissions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The primary goal of public health is to improve the health of populations by focusing on prevention, health promotion, and addressing the social determinants of health. Choice A is incorrect because public health looks at health from a population perspective rather than focusing on individual patient care. Choice C, while a potential benefit, is not the primary goal of public health. Choice D is incorrect as increasing hospital admissions is not a goal of public health; in fact, public health aims to prevent unnecessary hospitalizations through preventive measures.
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