Nursing Elites

1. Which lab result should be abnormal in a child with hemophilia?

• A. Prothrombin time
• B. Bleeding time
• C. Platelet count
• D. Partial thromboplastin time

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a child with hemophilia, the lab result that should be abnormal is the partial thromboplastin time (PTT). Hemophilia is a disorder that affects the clotting factors in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, leading to a prolonged PTT. Prothrombin time (Choice A) assesses the extrinsic pathway and should be normal in hemophilia. Bleeding time (Choice B) evaluates platelet function, which is typically normal in hemophilia. Platelet count (Choice C) measures the number of platelets and is not directly affected by hemophilia.

2. What is an essential aspect of managing a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?

• A. Encouraging joint mobility and physical therapy
• B. Restricting all forms of exercise
• C. Increasing sugar intake
• D. Using only oral medications

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging joint mobility and physical therapy is crucial in managing juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). This approach helps maintain joint function, reduce stiffness, and improve the overall quality of life for children with JIA. Restricting all forms of exercise (Choice B) is not recommended, as appropriate physical activity is beneficial for joint health and overall well-being. Increasing sugar intake (Choice C) is not a recommended practice for managing JIA, as a healthy diet is important for overall well-being and can help reduce inflammation. Using only oral medications (Choice D) may not be sufficient for managing JIA, as a comprehensive treatment plan often includes a combination of medications, physical therapy, and other interventions to effectively manage the condition.

3. Why must a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis be kept NPO?

• A. The epinephrine administration may cause nausea and vomiting
• B. The child is being hydrated with IV fluids
• C. The child may not feel hungry
• D. Rapid respirations pose a risk for aspiration

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In acute laryngotracheobronchitis, rapid respirations increase the risk of aspiration due to compromised airway protection and potential for secretions to enter the lungs. Keeping the child NPO helps prevent the risk of aspiration pneumonia. Choice A is incorrect because epinephrine is not typically used for laryngotracheobronchitis. Choice B is incorrect as hydration with IV fluids does not eliminate the risk of aspiration. Choice C is also incorrect because the child being hungry is not the primary reason for keeping them NPO in this condition.

4. What is a common sign of a respiratory infection in infants?

• A. Increased appetite
• B. Rapid breathing
• C. Decreased urine output
• D. Lethargy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rapid breathing is a common sign of a respiratory infection in infants. When infants have a respiratory infection, their breathing may become rapid as their body tries to get more oxygen. This symptom is often seen alongside cough and fever. Increased appetite (Choice A) is not typically associated with respiratory infections but can be seen in other conditions. Decreased urine output (Choice C) is more indicative of dehydration or kidney issues rather than a respiratory infection. Lethargy (Choice D) can be a symptom of various illnesses but is not as specific to respiratory infections as rapid breathing.

5. How should the nurse manage a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving chemotherapy?

• A. Avoid all physical activity
• B. Ensure strict infection control measures
• C. Increase daily caloric intake
• D. Limit fluid intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensure strict infection control measures. Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who are undergoing chemotherapy have compromised immune systems, making them highly susceptible to infections. Implementing strict infection control measures, such as hand hygiene, limiting exposure to sick individuals, and maintaining a clean environment, is essential to prevent infections. Choice A is incorrect because avoiding all physical activity may not be necessary as long as the child's activity level is appropriate. Choice C is incorrect because increasing daily caloric intake is important to support the child's nutritional needs during treatment. Choice D is incorrect because limiting fluid intake is not typically recommended unless specifically advised by the healthcare provider.

Similar Questions