Nursing Elites

1. Why must a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis be kept NPO?

• A. The epinephrine administration may cause nausea and vomiting
• B. The child is being hydrated with IV fluids
• C. The child may not feel hungry
• D. Rapid respirations pose a risk for aspiration

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In acute laryngotracheobronchitis, rapid respirations increase the risk of aspiration due to compromised airway protection and potential for secretions to enter the lungs. Keeping the child NPO helps prevent the risk of aspiration pneumonia. Choice A is incorrect because epinephrine is not typically used for laryngotracheobronchitis. Choice B is incorrect as hydration with IV fluids does not eliminate the risk of aspiration. Choice C is also incorrect because the child being hungry is not the primary reason for keeping them NPO in this condition.

2. What should be assessed in a child with suspected appendicitis?

• A. Level of consciousness
• B. Bowel sounds and pain location
• C. Skin color and temperature
• D. Heart rate and blood pressure

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to assess bowel sounds and pain location. In a child with suspected appendicitis, focusing on bowel sounds and pain location, particularly in the lower right quadrant, is crucial. This assessment helps to identify symptoms commonly associated with appendicitis. Assessing the level of consciousness (Choice A) is important in other conditions such as head injuries or neurological issues. Skin color and temperature (Choice C) are more indicative of circulatory or skin-related problems. Heart rate and blood pressure (Choice D) are vital signs that are essential to assess in various conditions but are not specific to suspected appendicitis.

3. What is a common sign of a urinary tract infection in older children?

• A. Frequent urination
• B. Increased appetite
• C. Elevated blood pressure
• D. Decreased energy levels

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Frequent urination is a common sign of a urinary tract infection in older children. It is often accompanied by other symptoms such as pain or discomfort. Increased appetite (Choice B) is not typically associated with urinary tract infections. Elevated blood pressure (Choice C) is more commonly linked to conditions like hypertension, not urinary tract infections. Decreased energy levels (Choice D) can be a sign of various health issues but are not a typical symptom of a urinary tract infection.

4. How should a caregiver manage a child with a known allergy to peanuts?

• A. Avoid all peanut-containing products
• B. Encourage regular exposure to peanuts
• C. Administer antihistamines daily
• D. Recommend peanut-containing supplements

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Avoiding peanut-containing products is crucial for managing a peanut allergy and preventing allergic reactions. Choice B suggesting regular exposure to peanuts can be harmful and trigger severe allergic reactions in a child with a peanut allergy. Regular exposure can increase the risk of anaphylaxis. Choice C of administering antihistamines daily is not a primary prevention strategy and should not be the first-line approach for managing a peanut allergy. Antihistamines only treat symptoms and do not prevent the allergic reaction. Choice D of recommending peanut-containing supplements can also lead to severe allergic reactions and is not recommended for a child with a known peanut allergy. It is essential to eliminate all sources of peanuts to prevent accidental exposure and potential life-threatening reactions.

5. Which characteristic is most typical of a chronic disease?

• A. It has a rapid onset.
• B. It rarely has noticeable symptoms.
• C. It produces sharp pains.
• D. It progresses gradually.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chronic diseases are characterized by a gradual progression over time, affecting individuals for an extended period. Option A is incorrect as chronic diseases do not have a rapid onset like acute conditions. Option B is incorrect as chronic diseases often manifest noticeable symptoms. Option C is incorrect as sharp pains are not a defining characteristic of chronic diseases. Chronic diseases can present a variety of symptoms depending on the specific condition, but gradual progression is a common feature distinguishing them from acute illnesses.

Similar Questions