Nursing Elites

1. In what units are energy measurements expressed by most scientists and nutritionists outside the United States?

• A. newtons
• B. liters
• C. kilojoules
• D. kilocalories

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Kilojoules are the standard units of energy used by most scientists and nutritionists worldwide. Newtons are units of force, liters are units of volume, and kilocalories are more commonly used in the United States but not as widely adopted internationally for energy measurements. Therefore, the correct answer is 'kilojoules.'

2. What is the recommended treatment for a child with a first-degree burn?

• A. Immediate application of ice
• B. Administration of oral antibiotics
• C. Application of cool, moist compresses
• D. Application of hot packs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The recommended treatment for a child with a first-degree burn is the application of cool, moist compresses. This helps in reducing pain and swelling without causing further damage to the skin. Applying ice directly to a burn can lead to frostbite and worsen the injury (Choice A). Oral antibiotics are not necessary for first-degree burns as they do not typically involve infection (Choice B). Hot packs should be avoided as they can further damage the skin and increase inflammation (Choice D).

3. How should a healthcare provider address concerns about a child’s developmental milestones?

• A. Recommend delaying intervention until school age
• B. Provide resources for early intervention services
• C. Suggest dietary changes
• D. Avoid further assessment

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: Providing resources for early intervention services is crucial for addressing developmental concerns and supporting the child's growth and development. Early intervention is key to improving outcomes. Recommending delaying intervention until school age (Choice A) is not advised as addressing issues early leads to better results. Suggesting dietary changes (Choice C) is not the primary approach to addressing developmental milestones. Avoiding further assessment (Choice D) can impede the timely identification and management of developmental delays.

4. What is a primary concern for a child with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?

• A. Increased growth rate
• B. Risk of hyperglycemia
• C. Risk of dehydration
• D. Improved appetite

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Risk of hyperglycemia. When a child is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, one of the primary concerns is the risk of hyperglycemia, which refers to high blood glucose levels. Hyperglycemia can lead to various complications if not managed properly, making it crucial to stabilize blood glucose levels. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increased growth rate, risk of dehydration, and improved appetite are not primary concerns specifically associated with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.

5. What is a common early sign of type 1 diabetes in children?

• A. Excessive thirst and frequent urination
• B. Severe abdominal pain
• C. Frequent headaches
• D. Sudden weight gain

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Excessive thirst and frequent urination are common early signs of type 1 diabetes in children. These symptoms occur due to high blood glucose levels, leading to increased thirst and urination. Severe abdominal pain (choice B) is not typically associated with type 1 diabetes. Although frequent headaches (choice C) can occur in some cases, they are not as specific to type 1 diabetes as excessive thirst and frequent urination. Sudden weight gain (choice D) is not a common early sign of type 1 diabetes; in fact, unexplained weight loss is more characteristic of the condition.

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