the fine down like hairs on the newborns ears shoulders lower back andor forehead are known as

HESI LPN

Leadership and Management HESI Test Bank

1. What are the fine, down-like hairs on the newborn's ears, shoulders, lower back, and/or forehead known as?

A. Vernix.
B. Lanugo.
C. Milia.
D. Vibrissae.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Lanugo is the term used to describe the fine, down-like hairs found on a newborn's ears, shoulders, lower back, and/or forehead. These hairs are different from vernix, which is a waxy or cheese-like white substance covering the skin of newborns. Milia are small, white, or yellowish cysts that commonly appear on a newborn's face, while vibrissae are the thick, stiff hairs commonly found around the nose and other parts of the face.

2. Which anatomic malformations are associated with Tetralogy of Fallot?

A. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular outflow
B. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, and left ventricular outflow
C. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, pulmonary atresia, and right ventricular outflow
D. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular outflow

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot is characterized by a combination of four heart defects: a sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular outflow obstruction. This leads to mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood, resulting in cyanosis. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the specific combination of anatomic malformations seen in Tetralogy of Fallot.

3. What is the role of a nurse in a multidisciplinary healthcare team?

A. Working independently without consulting others
B. Coordinating patient care with other team members
C. Ignoring patient concerns
D. Making all healthcare decisions alone

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Coordinating patient care with other team members.' In a multidisciplinary healthcare team, nurses collaborate with other healthcare professionals to ensure comprehensive care for patients. Working independently without consulting others (choice A) is not aligned with the collaborative nature of multidisciplinary teams. Ignoring patient concerns (choice C) goes against the core principles of patient-centered care. Making all healthcare decisions alone (choice D) contradicts the teamwork approach of a multidisciplinary team.

4. What is the primary goal of public health?

A. To focus on individual patient care
B. To improve the health of populations
C. To reduce healthcare costs
D. To increase hospital admissions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of public health is to improve the health of populations by focusing on prevention, health promotion, and addressing the social determinants of health. Choice A is incorrect because public health looks at health from a population perspective rather than focusing on individual patient care. Choice C, while a potential benefit, is not the primary goal of public health. Choice D is incorrect as increasing hospital admissions is not a goal of public health; in fact, public health aims to prevent unnecessary hospitalizations through preventive measures.

5. A nurse is caring for a client who reports acute pain but refuses IM medication. The nurse distracts the client and quickly administers the injection. This illustrates which of the following?

A. Assault
B. False imprisonment
C. Battery
D. Libel

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Battery.' Administering the injection without the client's consent constitutes battery. Assault involves the threat of harm, not the actual act. False imprisonment is restraining a client against their will, which does not apply here. Libel refers to a false written statement, which is not relevant in this scenario.